Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T08:05:54.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Tuberculosis among Healthcare Workers, United States, 1995–2007

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Lauren A. Lambert ,
Robert H. Pratt ,
Lori R. Armstrong  and
Maryam B. Haddad
Lauren A. Lambert*
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, Georgia
Robert H. Pratt
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, Georgia
Lori R. Armstrong
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, Georgia
Maryam B. Haddad
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 ([email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective.

We examined surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the United States during the period 1995–2007.

Design.

Cross-sectional descriptive analysis of existing surveillance data.

Setting and Participants.

TB cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from the 50 states and the District of Columbia from 1995 through 2007.

Results.

Of the 200,744 reported TB cases in persons 18 years of age or older, 6,049 (3%) occurred in individuals who were classified as HCWs. HCWs with TB were more likely than other adults with TB to be women (unadjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 4.1 [3.8–4.3]), be foreign born (1.3 [1.3–1.4]), have extrapulmonary TB (1.6 [1.5–1.7]), and complete TB treatment (2.5 [2.3–2.8]).

Conclusions.

Healthcare institutions may benefit from intensifying TB screening of HCWs upon hire, especially persons from countries with a high incidence of TB, and encouraging treatment for latent TB infection among HCWs to prevent progression to TB disease.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 33 , Issue 11 , November 2012 , pp. 1126 - 1131
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Dooley, SW, Jarvis, WR, Martone, WJ, Snider, DE Jr. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:257–259.Google Scholar
2.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis to health-care workers and HIV-infected patients in an urban hospital—Florida. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1990;39:718–722.Google Scholar
3.Pearson, ML, Jereb, JA, Frieden, TR, et al.Nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a risk to patients and health care workers. Ann Intern Med 1992;117(3):191–196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among HIV-infected persons: Florida and New York, 1988–1991. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1991;40:585–591.Google Scholar
5.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in a newborn nursery and maternity ward: New York City, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2005;54(50):1280–1283.Google Scholar
6.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tuberculosis transmission in a renal dialysis center: Nevada, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2004;53(37):873–875.Google Scholar
7.Villarino, ME, Mazurek, G. Tuberculosis contacts, concerns, and controls: what matters for healthcare workers? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27(5):433–435.Google Scholar
8.U.S. Census Bureau, DataFerrett. Current Population Survey, July 2003–2007. http://dataferrett.census.gov/. Accessed November 20, 2008.Google Scholar
9.American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Treatment of tuberculosis. MMWR Recomm Rep 2003;52(RR-11):76.Google Scholar
10.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for preventing the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in health-care settings, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2005;54(17):1–141.Google Scholar
11.Fujiwara, PI, Larkin, C, Frieden, TR. Directly observed therapy in New York City; history, implementation, results, and challenges. Chest 1997;18(1):137.Google ScholarPubMed
12.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 2007. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008:18.Google Scholar
13.Migration Information Source. Foreign-born health-care workers in the United States, 2007. http://www.migrationinformation.org/. Accessed November 20, 2008.Google Scholar
14.Driver, CR, Stricof, RL, Granville, K, et al.Tuberculosis in health care workers during declining tuberculosis incidence in New York State. Am J Infect Control 2005;33(9):519–526.Google Scholar
15.Manangan, LP, Jumao-as Salibay, C, Wallace, RM, et al.Tuberculosis among persons born in the Philippines and living in the United States, 2000–2007. Am J Public Health 2011;101:101–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Xu, Y, Kwak, C. Characteristics of internationally educated nurses in the United States. Nursing Economics 2005;23(5):233–238.Google Scholar
17.World Health Organization (WHO). Global Tuberculosis Control: Surveillance, Planning, Financing: WHO Report 2007. WHO/HTM/TB/2007.376. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.Google Scholar
18.Fiske, CT, Griffin, MR, Erin, H, et al.Black race, sex, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis risk: an observational study. BMC Infectious Diseases 2010;10:16.Google Scholar
19.Asghar, RJ, Pratt, RH, Kammerer, S, Navin, TR. Tuberculosis in South Asians living in the United States, 1993–2004. Arch Intern Med 2008;168(9):936–942.Google Scholar
20.Fulton, D, Kline, S. Tuberculosis at the University of Minnesota Medical Center, 2000 to 2006, a brief report. Minn Med 2010;93(6):50–52.Google Scholar
21.Peto, HM, Pratt, RH, Harrington, TA, LoBue, PA, Armstrong, LR. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States, 1993–2006. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:1350–1357.Google Scholar
22.Maloney, SA, Fielding, KL, Laserson, KF, et al.Assessing the performance of overseas tuberculosis screening programs: a study among US-bound immigrants in Vietnam. Arch Intern Med 2006;166(2):234–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Cain, KP, Benoit, SR, Winston, CA, Mac Kenzie, WR. Tuberculosis among foreign-born persons in the United States. JAMA 2008;300(4):405–412.Google Scholar
24.Chin, DP, DeRiemer, K, Small, PM, et al.Differences in contributing factors to tuberculosis incidence in U.S.-born and foreign-born persons. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;158:1797–1803.Google Scholar
25.Sterling, TR, Hass, DW. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from health care workers. N Engl J Med 2006;355(2):118–121.Google Scholar
26.Horsburgh, CR Jr, Goldberg, S, Bethel, J, et al.Latent tuberculosis infection treatment acceptance and completion in the United States and Canada. Chest 2010;137:401–409.Google Scholar
27.LoBue, PA, Catanzaro, A. Effectiveness of a nosocomial tuberculosis control program at an urban teaching hospital. Chest 1998;113(5):1184–1189.Google Scholar
28.Salpeter, SR, Salpeter, EE. Screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis among healthcare workers at low, moderate, and high risk for TB exposure: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2004;25(12):1056–1061.Google Scholar