Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T00:31:00.087Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sustained Improvements in Peripheral Venous Catheter Care in Non–Intensive Care Units: A Quasi-Experimental Controlled Study of Education and Feedback

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Mohamad G. Fakih*
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, St. John Hospital and Medical Center andWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan Infection Control Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Karen Jones
Affiliation:
Infection Control Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Janice E. Rey
Affiliation:
Infection Control Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Dorine Berriel-Cass
Affiliation:
Quality Management Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Tatyana Kalinicheva
Affiliation:
Infection Control Department, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Susanna Szpunar
Affiliation:
Medical Education, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan
Louis D. Saravolatz
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, St. John Hospital and Medical Center andWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
*
Wayne State University School of Medicine, Medical Director, Infection Prevention and Control, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, 19251 Mack Avenue, Suite 190, Grosse Pointe Woods, MI 48236 ([email protected])

Abstract

Background and Objectives.

Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) can be associated with serious infectious complications. We evaluated the effect of education and feedback on process measures to improve PVC care and infectious complications.

Design.

Quasi-experimental controlled crossover study with sampling before and after education.

Setting.

An 804-bed tertiary care teaching hospital.

Participants.

Nurses and patients in 10 non-intensive care units.

Methods.

We implemented a process to improve PVC care in 10 non-intensive care units. The 4 periods (each 3 months in duration) included a preintervention period and a staggered educational intervention among nurses. During intervention period 1, 5 units participated in the intervention (group A), and 5 units served as a control group (group B). Group B underwent the intervention during intervention period 2, and both groups A and B received feedback on performance during intervention period 3. Process measures were evaluated twice monthly, and feedback was given to nurses directly and to the unit manager on a monthly basis.

Results.

During the preintervention period, there were no significant differences between groups A and B. Of 4,904 intravascular catheters evaluated, 4,434 (90.4%) were peripheral. By the end of the study, there were significant improvements in processes, compared with the preintervention period, including accurate documentation of dressing (from 442 cases [38%] to 718 cases [59%]; P<.0001), catheter dressing being intact (from 968 cases [88.5%] to 1,024 cases [95.2%]; P<.0001), and correct demonstration of scrubbing the hub before infusion (from 161 demonstrations [54%] to 316 demonstrations [95%]; P <.0001). There was a significant reduction in PVC-associated bloodstream infection, from 2.2 cases per 10,000 patient-days during the preintervention period (5 cases) to 0.44 cases per 10,000 patient days during the 3 intervention periods (3 cases; P = .016).

Conclusions.

Education and real-time feedback to nurses increases and sustains compliance with processes to reduce the risk of infection from PVCs.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.O'Grady, NP, Alexander, M, Burns, LA, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:e162e193.Google Scholar
2.Kallen, AJ, Patel, PR, O'Grady, NP. Preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections outside the intensive care unit: expanding prevention to new settings. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51:335341.Google Scholar
3.Warren, DK, Cosgrove, SE, Diekema, DJ, et al. A multicenter intervention to prevent catheter-associated bloodstream infections. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27:662669.Google Scholar
4.Pronovost, P, Needham, D, Berenholtz, S, et al. An intervention to decrease catheter-related bloodstream infections in the ICU. N Engl J Med 2006;355:27252732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Warren, DK, Zack, JE, Mayfield, JL, et al. The effect of an education program on the incidence of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection in a medical ICU. Chest 2004;126:16121618.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Voges, KA, Webb, D, Fish, LL, Kressel, AB. One-day point-prevalence survey of central, arterial, and peripheral line use in adult inpatients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009;30:606608.Google Scholar
7.Dudeck, MA, Horan, TC, Peterson, KD, et al. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report, data summary for 2009, device-associated module. Am J Infect Control 2011;39:349367.Google Scholar
8.Frigerio, S, Di Giulio, P, Gregori, D, et al. Managing peripheral venous catheters: an investigation on the efficacy of a strategy for the implementation of evidence-based guidelines. J Eval Clin Pract doi 10.1111/j.l365-2753.2010.01590.x. Published November 30, 2010.Google Scholar
9.Ahlqvist, M, Berglund, B, Nordstrom, G, Klang, B, Wiren, M, Johansson, E. A new reliable tool (PVC assess) for assessment of peripheral venous catheters. J Eval Clin Pract 2010;16: 11081115.Google Scholar
10.Morse, L, McDonald, M. Failure of a poster-based educational programme to improve compliance with peripheral venous catheter care in a tertiary hospital: a clinical audit. J Hosp Infect 2009;72:221226.Google Scholar
11.Lee, WL, Chen, HL, Tsai, TY, et al. Risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter infection in hospitalized patients: a prospective study of 3165 patients. Am J Infect Control 2009;37: 683686.Google Scholar
12.Trinh, TT, Chan, PA, Edwards, O, et al. Peripheral venous catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32:579583.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Pujol, M, Hornero, A, Saballs, M, et al. Clinical epidemiology and outcomes of peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infections at a university-affiliated hospital. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67(1):2229.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) event: guidelines and procedures for monitoring CLABSI. http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/PDFs/pscManual/4PSC_CLABScurrent.pdf. Accessed July 18, 2011.Google Scholar
15.Infusion Nursing Society. Infusion nursing standards of practice. J Infus Nurs 2006;29(1 suppl):S1S92.Google Scholar
16.Klevens, RM, Tokars, JI, Edwards, J, Horan, T. Sampling for collection of central line-day denominators in surveillance of healthcare-associated bloodstream infections. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2006;27(4):338342.Google Scholar
17.Trick, WE, Vernon, MO, Welbel, SF, Wisniewski, MF, Jernigan, JA, Weinstein, RA. Unnecessary use of central venous catheters: the need to look outside the intensive care unit. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2004;25(3):266268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Al Raiy, B, Fakih, MG, Bryan-Nomides, N, et al. Peripherally inserted central venous catheters in the acute care setting: a safe alternative to high-risk short-term central venous catheters. Am J Infect Control 2010;38(2):149153.Google Scholar
19.Tagalakis, V, Kahn, SR, Libman, M, Blostein, M. The epidemiology of peripheral vein infusion thrombophlebitis: a critical review. Am J Med 2002;113(2):146151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Webster, J, Osborne, S, Rickard, C, Hall, J. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(3):CD007798.Google Scholar
21.Malach, T, Jerassy, Z, Rudensky, B, et al. Prospective surveillance of phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters. Am J Infect Control 2006;34(5):308312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Boyd, S, Aggarwal, I, Davey, P, Logan, M, Nathwani, D. Peripheral intravenous catheters: the road to quality improvement and safer patient care. J Hosp Infect 2011;77(1):3741.Google Scholar
23.Cherry, MG, Brown, JM, Neal, T, Ben Shaw, N. What features of educational interventions lead to competence in aseptic insertion and maintenance of CV catheters in acute care? BEME Guide No. 15. Med Teach 2010;32(3):198218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Krein, SL, Damschroder, LJ, Kowalski, CP, Forman, J, Hofer, TP, Saint, S. The influence of organizational context on quality improvement and patient safety efforts in infection prevention: a multi-center qualitative study. Soc Sci Med 2010;71(9): 16921701.Google Scholar