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Enteric Carriage of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium in Patients Tested for Clostridium difficile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Jane M. Garbutt ,
Benjamin Littenberg ,
Bradley A. Evanoff ,
Daniel Sahm  and
Linda M. Mundy
Jane M. Garbutt*
Affiliation:
Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
Benjamin Littenberg
Affiliation:
Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
Bradley A. Evanoff
Affiliation:
Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
Daniel Sahm
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
Linda M. Mundy
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
*
Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8005, 660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110
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Abstract

Objective:

To identify independent risk factors for enteric carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) in hospitalized patients tested for Clostridium difficile toxin.

Design:

Retrospective case-cohort study.

Setting:

Tertiary-care teaching hospital.

Patients:

Convenience sample of 215 adult inpatients who had stool tested for C difficile between January 29 and February 25,1996.

Results:

41 (19%) of 215 patients had enteric carriage of VREF. Five independent risk factors for enteric VREF were identified: history of prior C difficile (odds ratio [OR], 15.21; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 3.30-70.10; P<.001), parenteral treatment with vancomycin for ≥5 days (OR, 4.06; CI95, 1.54-10.73; P=.005), treatment with antimicrobials effective against gram-negative organisms (OR, 3.44; CI95, 1.20-9.87; P=.021), admission from another institution (OR, 2.95; CI95, 1.21-7.18; P=.017), and age >60 years (OR 2.57; CI95, 1.13-5.82; P=.024). These risk factors for enteric VREF were independent of the patient's current C difficile status.

Conclusions:

Antimicrobial exposures are the most important modifiable independent risk factors for enteric carriage of VREF in hospitalized patients tested for C difficile.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 20 , Issue 10 , October 1999 , pp. 664 - 670
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1999

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