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The Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine Against Influenza A (H3N2) Virus Infections in Nursing Homes in Niigata, Japan, During the 1998-1999 and 1999-2000 Seasons

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Reiko Saito ,
Hiroshi Suzuki ,
Hitoshi Oshitani ,
Takatsugu Sakai ,
Nao Seki  and
Naohito Tanabe
Reiko Saito
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
Hiroshi Suzuki*
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
Hitoshi Oshitani
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
Takatsugu Sakai
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
Nao Seki
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
Naohito Tanabe
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata City, Niigata, Japan
*
Department of Public Health, Niigata University School of Medicine, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Niigata City, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines against influenza-like illness (ILI) among nursing home residents.

Design:

Prospective, nonrandomized, cohort study.

Setting:

Nine nursing homes during the 1998-1999 influenza season and 11 nursing homes during the 1999-2000 influenza season in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

Participants:

Six hundred ninety-nine residents and 440 healthcare workers (HCWs) during the first season, and 930 residents and 517 HCWs during the second season, with vaccination rates ranging from 0% to 97.7%.

Results:

Overall, ILI decreased from 24.3% during the 1998-1999 season to 8.8% during the 1999-2000 season. Multivariate analysis adjusted for several factors, including gender, age, underlying diseases, and resident and HCW vaccination rates, failed to demonstrate clear individual protection of residents (relative risk [RR], 1.42; P = .2 for the first season; RR, 0.95; P = .9 for the second season). However, vaccination rates of 60% or greater for residents and HCWs reduced the risk of ILI, and also could prevent outbreaks during the 2 seasons. Highly impaired activities of daily living and chronic respiratory diseases were significantly associated with increased ILI.

Conclusions:

A high vaccination rate for both residents and HCWs may reduce the risk of ILI and institutional outbreaks in nursing homes

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , February 2002 , pp. 82 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2002

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