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Antimicrobial stewardship in rural nursing homes: Impact of interprofessional education and clinical decision tool implementation on urinary tract infection treatment in a cluster randomized trial

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 February 2019

Darren K. Pasay Open the ORCID record for Darren K. Pasay [Opens in a new window] ,
Micheal S. Guirguis Open the ORCID record for Micheal S. Guirguis [Opens in a new window] ,
Rhonda C. Shkrobot ,
Jeremy P. Slobodan ,
Adrian S. Wagg Open the ORCID record for Adrian S. Wagg [Opens in a new window] ,
Cheryl A. Sadowski ,
John M. Conly ,
Lynora M. Saxinger  and
Lauren C. Bresee Open the ORCID record for Lauren C. Bresee [Opens in a new window]
Darren K. Pasay*
Affiliation:
Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Vegreville, Alberta, Canada
Micheal S. Guirguis
Affiliation:
Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Rhonda C. Shkrobot
Affiliation:
Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Vegreville, Alberta, Canada
Jeremy P. Slobodan
Affiliation:
Pharmacy Services, Alberta Health Services, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
Adrian S. Wagg
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Cheryl A. Sadowski
Affiliation:
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
John M. Conly
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services – Calgary and Area, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Lynora M. Saxinger
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Lauren C. Bresee
Affiliation:
Scientific Affairs, Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Darren K. Pasay, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objectives:

To measure the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship initiative on the rate of urine culture testing and antimicrobial prescribing for urinary tract infections (UTIs) between control and intervention sites. Secondary objectives included evaluation of potential harms of the intervention and identifying characteristics of the population prescribed antimicrobials for UTI.

Design:

Cluster randomized controlled trial.

Setting:

Nursing homes in rural Alberta, Canada.

Participants:

The study included 42 nursing homes ranging from 8 to 112 beds.

Methods/interventions:

Intervention sites received on-site staff education, physician academic detailing, and integrated clinical decision-making tools. Control sites provided standard care. Data were collected for 6 months prior to and 12 months after the intervention.

Results:

Resident age (83.0 vs 83.8 years) and sex distribution (female, 62.5% vs 64.5%) were similar between the groups. Statistically significant decreases in the rate of urine culture testing (−2.1 tests per 1,000 resident days [RD]; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.5 to −1.7; P < .001) and antimicrobial prescribing for UTIs (−0.7 prescriptions per 1,000 RD; 95% CI, −1.0 to −0.4; P < .001) were observed in the intervention group. There was no difference in hospital admissions (0.00 admissions per 1,000 RD; 95% CI, −0.4 to 0.3; P = .76), and the mortality rate decreased by 0.2 per 1,000 RD in the intervention group (95% CI, −0.5 to −0.1; P = .002). Chart reviews indicated that UTI symptoms were charted in 16% of cases and that urine culture testing occurred in 64.5% of cases.

Conclusion:

A multimodal antimicrobial stewardship intervention in rural nursing homes significantly decreased the rate of urine culture testing and antimicrobial prescriptions for UTI, with no increase in hospital admissions or mortality.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 40 , Issue 4 , April 2019 , pp. 432 - 437
Copyright
© 2019 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. 

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Footnotes

PREVIOUS PRESENTATION: A preliminary analysis of this study was presented as an oral presentation at the Canadian Pharmacists Association Conference 2017 on June 4, 2017, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

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