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Anatomic Sites of Patent Colonization and Environmental Contamination with Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase—Producing Enterobacteriaceae at Long-Term Acute Care Hospitals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Caroline J. Thurlow ,
Kavitha Prabaker ,
Michael Y. Lin ,
Karen Lolans ,
Robert A. Weinstein ,
Mary K. Hayden  and
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenters Program
Caroline J. Thurlow
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Division of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
Kavitha Prabaker
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Division of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
Michael Y. Lin
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Division of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
Karen Lolans
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
Robert A. Weinstein
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Division of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
Mary K. Hayden*
Affiliation:
Section of Infectious Diseases, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Division of Infectious Diseases, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
*
Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612 ([email protected])
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Abstract

Objective.

To determine anatomic sites of colonization in patients and to assess environmental contamination with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Design, Setting, and Patients.

We conducted a cross-sectional microbiologic survey of 33 patients and their environments at 6 long-term acute care hospitals (LTACHs) in metropolitan Chicago. Swab samples of anatomic sites and inanimate surfaces in patients' rooms and common areas were cultured. blaKPC was verified by polymerase chain reaction. Patient charts were reviewed for covariates known to be associated with colonization and environmental contamination.

Results.

Mean age was 66 years. Median length of stay prior to surveillance was 50 days. Thirty (91%) patients were mechanically ventilated, 32 (97%) were bedbound, and 27 (82%) had fecal incontinence. Of the 24 patients with KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae recovered from 1 or more anatomic sites, 23 (96%) had KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae detected at 1 or more skin sites. Skin colonization was more common in patients with positive rectal/stool swab cultures or positive clinical cultures (P <.001). Rectal/stool swab was the single most sensitive specimen for detecting KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae colonization (sensitivity, 88%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68%-97%); addition of inguinal skin swab culture resulted in detection of all colonized patients (sensitivity, 100%; 95% CI, 86%-100%). Only 2 (0.5%) of 371 environmental specimens grew KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

Conclusions.

Culture of more than 1 anatomic site was required to detect all KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae-colonized Patients. Skin colonization was common, but environmental contamination was rare. These results can guide development of multimodal interventions for control of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in LTACHs.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , January 2013 , pp. 56 - 61
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2013

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