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Anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions associated with the insertion of peripherally inserted central catheters: A multiyear comparative retrospective cohort study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 October 2019

Christina S. Thornton
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Jody Dumanski
Affiliation:
Advanced Venous Access Service, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Cherylanne Margherit
Affiliation:
Advanced Venous Access Service, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Sandra Vaz-Gonsalves
Affiliation:
Advanced Venous Access Service, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Sheryl McDiarmid
Affiliation:
The Ottawa Hospital and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Michael D. Parkins
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
John M. Conly*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Synder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: John M. Conly, Email: [email protected].

Abstract

Objective:

Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are a mainstay of nonpermanent vascular access devices. In this study, we assessed patients displaying anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions to the PowerPICC SOLO and Groshong PICC (Bard Access Systems) using the Sherlock tip locating system (TLS).

Methods:

Patients from 2 tertiary-care hospitals were systematically monitored over 4 years for adverse events following the insertion of a PICC using the Sherlock TLS. Insertion data were also collected using the BioFlo PICC (Angiodynamics)from a third hospital site and from The Ottawa Hospital over 4 years as an additional comparator. Three definitions of anaphylaxis and anaphylactoid reactions were utilized, and the Cohen κ was used to assess interrater agreement. Analysis of reactions among the patient cohorts was performed using the χ2 test with Yates correction or the Fisher exact test as appropriate.

Results:

Among 8,257 insertions using the TLS PICCs, 37 potential reactions (0.45%) were recorded. Using specific definitions for anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions, 54.1%–91.9% met criteria. Comparator populations using data from Calgary (n = 491) and Ottawa (n = 7,889) using the BioFlo PICC insertion found no reactions. Anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions were significantly associated with the PowerPICC SOLO and Groshong PICC with the TLS compared to the BioFlo PICC (P < .0001) across all definitions. The largest subset of patients experiencing adverse reactions had cystic fibrosis (CF) (n = 4, 10.8%).

Conclusion:

Our study results demonstrate significant adverse events associated with the PowerPICC SOLO and Groshong PICC using the Sherlock TLS inserted across a range of patient populations. The incidence rate of anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions in the CF population at our center is significantly higher than in non-CF patients (P < .001).

Type
Original Article
Copyright
© 2019 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. 

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