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Sustained Reduction in the Clinical Incidence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization or Infection Associated with a Multifaceted Infection Control Intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Katherine Ellingson ,
Robert R. Muder ,
Rajiv Jain ,
David Kleinbaum ,
Pei-Jean I. Feng ,
Candace Cunningham ,
Cheryl Squier ,
Jon Lloyd ,
Jonathan Edwards  and
Val Gebski
...Show all authors
Katherine Ellingson*
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Robert R. Muder
Affiliation:
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Rajiv Jain
Affiliation:
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
David Kleinbaum
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Pei-Jean I. Feng
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Candace Cunningham
Affiliation:
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Cheryl Squier
Affiliation:
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Jon Lloyd
Affiliation:
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Jonathan Edwards
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Val Gebski
Affiliation:
University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
John Jernigan
Affiliation:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 ([email protected])
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Abstract

Objective.

To assess the impact and sustainability of a multifaceted intervention to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission implemented in 3 chronologically overlapping phases at 1 hospital.

Design.

Interrupted time-series analyses.

Setting.

A Veterans Affairs hospital in the northeastern United States.

Patients and Participants.

Individuals admitted to acute care units from October 1, 1999, through September 30, 2008. To calculate the monthly clinical incidence of MRSA colonization or infection, the number of MRSA-positive cultures obtained from a clinical site more than 48 hours after admission among patients with no MRSA-positive clinical cultures during the previous year was divided by patient-days at risk. Secondary outcomes included clinical incidence of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus colonization or infection and incidence of MRSA bloodstream infections.

Interventions.

The intervention—implemented in a surgical ward beginning October 2001, in a surgical intensive care unit beginning October 2003, and in all acute care units beginning July 2005—included systems and behavior change strategies to increase adherence to infection control precautions (eg, hand hygiene and active surveillance culturing for MRSA).

Results.

Hospital-wide, the clinical incidence of MRSA colonization or infection decreased after initiation of the intervention in 2001, compared with the period before intervention (P = .002), and decreased by 61% (P < .001) in the 7-year postintervention period. In the postintervention period, the hospital-wide incidence of MRSA bloodstream infection decreased by 50% (P = .02), and the proportion of S. aureus isolates that were methicillin resistant decreased by 30% (P < .001).

Conclusions.

Sustained decreases in hospital-wide clinical incidence of MRSA colonization or infection, incidence of MRSA bloodstream infection, and proportion of S. aureus isolates resistant to methicillin followed implementation of a multifaceted prevention program at one Veterans Affairs hospital. Findings suggest that interventions designed to prevent transmission can impact endemic antimicrobial resistance problems.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , January 2011 , pp. 1 - 8
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2011

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