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Prevalence of Nasal Colonization and Strain Concordance in Patients with Community-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Michael W. Ellis ,
Carey D. Schlett ,
Eugene V. Millar ,
Katrina B. Crawford ,
Tianyuan Cui ,
Jeffrey B. Lanier  and
David R. Tribble
Michael W. Ellis*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
Carey D. Schlett
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
Eugene V. Millar
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
Katrina B. Crawford
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
Tianyuan Cui
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
Jeffrey B. Lanier
Affiliation:
Martin Army Community Hospital, Fort Benning, Georgia
David R. Tribble
Affiliation:
Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
*
Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814 ([email protected]).
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Abstract

Objective.

Determine the prevalence and relatedness of Staphylococcus aureus anterior nares colonization in individuals with community-associated staphylococcal skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI)

Design.

Observational cohort.

Setting.

US Army soldiers undergoing infantry training.

Participants.

Trainees who developed SSTI from May 2010 to January 2012.

Methods.

Participants underwent anterior nares culture at the time of presentation for purulent SSTI. We determined the prevalence of S. aureus nasal colonization and strain relatedness between colonizing and clinical isolates with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results.

We enrolled 1,203 SSTI participants, of whom 508 had culture-confirmed S. aureus SSTI. Overall, 70% (357/508) were colonized with S. aureus. Phenotypically, concordant colonization was more common with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA; 56%; 122/218) than methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) SSTI (41%; 118/290; P < .01). With PFGE, 48% (121 of 254) of clinical-colonizing pairs were indistinguishable, and concordant colonization was more common with MRSA (53%; 92/173) than MSSA SSTI (36%; 29/81; P < .01). Restricting analysis to concomitant MRSA-MRSA or MSSA-MSSA pairs, 92% (92/100) of MRSA SSTI were indistinguishable, and 40% (29/72) MSSA SSTI were indistinguishable (P < .01). All 92 MRSA pairs were USA300.

Conclusions.

On the phenotypic level, concordant anterior nares colonization with incident staphylococcal SSTI is more common in MSSA than MRSA; however, the opposite is observed when accounting for molecular typing, and MRSA SSTI displays greater concordance. USA300 was responsible for strain concordance with MRSA SSTI. Studies are needed to examine the roles of nasal and extra-nasal carriage, colonization preceding infection, and increased virulence in the pathogenesis of MRSA SSTI.

Trial registration.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01105767.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(10):1251–1256

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 10 , October 2014 , pp. 1251 - 1256
Copyright
This article is in the public domain, and no copyright is claimed.

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