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Characteristics of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs at Veterans Affairs Hospitals: Results of a Nationwide Survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2016

Ann F. Chou ,
Christopher J. Graber ,
Makoto Jones ,
Yue Zhang ,
Matthew Bidwell Goetz ,
Karl Madaras-Kelly ,
Matthew Samore ,
Allison Kelly  and
Peter A. Glassman
Ann F. Chou*
Affiliation:
Department of Health Administration and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
Christopher J. Graber
Affiliation:
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California–Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California Infectious Diseases Section, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
Makoto Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
Yue Zhang
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Matthew Bidwell Goetz
Affiliation:
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California–Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California Infectious Diseases Section, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
Karl Madaras-Kelly
Affiliation:
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Boise, Idaho College of Pharmacy, Idaho State University, Meridian, Idaho
Matthew Samore
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine and Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
Allison Kelly
Affiliation:
National Infectious Diseases Service, VA Central Office, Washington, DC
Peter A. Glassman
Affiliation:
David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California–Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California
*
Address correspondence to Ann F. Chou, PhD, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 900 NE 10th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 ([email protected]).
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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are variably implemented.

OBJECTIVE

To characterize variations of antimicrobial stewardship structure and practices across all inpatient Veterans Affairs facilities in 2012 and correlate key characteristics with antimicrobial usage.

DESIGN

A web-based survey regarding stewardship activities was administered to each facility’s designated contact. Bivariate associations between facility characteristics and inpatient antimicrobial use during 2012 were determined.

SETTING

Total of 130 Veterans Affairs facilities with inpatient services.

RESULTS

Of 130 responding facilities, 29 (22%) had a formal policy establishing an ASP, and 12 (9%) had an approved ASP business plan. Antimicrobial stewardship teams were present in 49 facilities (38%); 34 teams included a clinical pharmacist with formal infectious diseases (ID) training. Stewardship activities varied across facilities, including development of yearly antibiograms (122 [94%]), formulary restrictions (120 [92%]), stop orders for antimicrobial duration (98 [75%]), and written clinical pathways for specific conditions (96 [74%]). Decreased antimicrobial usage was associated with having at least 1 full-time ID physician (P=.03), an ID fellowship program (P=.003), and a clinical pharmacist with formal ID training (P=.006) as well as frequency of systematic patient-level reviews of antimicrobial use (P=.01) and having a policy to address antimicrobial use in the context of Clostridium difficile infection (P=.01). Stop orders for antimicrobial duration were associated with increased use (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

ASP-related activities varied considerably. Decreased antibiotic use appeared related to ID presence and certain select practices. Further statistical assessments may help optimize antimicrobial practices.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:647–654

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 37 , Issue 6 , June 2016 , pp. 647 - 654
Copyright
© 2016 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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