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Changes in Healthcare-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections after the Introduction of a National Hand Hygiene Initiative

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Adrian G. Barnett ,
Katie Page ,
Megan Campbell ,
David Brain ,
Elizabeth Martin ,
Rebecca Rashleigh-Rolls ,
Kate Halton ,
Lisa Hall ,
Nerina Jimmieson  and
Katherine White
...Show all authors
Adrian G. Barnett*
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Katie Page
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Megan Campbell
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
David Brain
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Elizabeth Martin
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Rebecca Rashleigh-Rolls
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Queensland, Australia
Kate Halton
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Lisa Hall
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Queensland Health, Queensland, Australia
Nerina Jimmieson
Affiliation:
Business School, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
Katherine White
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
David Paterson
Affiliation:
Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Queensland Health, Queensland, Australia University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Queensland, Australia
Nicholas Graves
Affiliation:
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, Queensland Health, Queensland, Australia
*
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia ([email protected]).
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Extract

Background

Interventions that prevent healthcare-associated infection should lead to fewer deaths and shorter hospital stays. Cleaning hands (with soap or alcohol) is an effective way to prevent the transmission of organisms, but rates of compliance with hand hygiene are sometimes disappointingly low. The National Hand Hygiene Initiative in Australia aimed to improve hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers, with the goal of reducing rates of healthcare-associated infection.

Methods

We examined whether the introduction of the National Hand Hygiene Initiative was associated with a change in infection rates. Monthly infection rates for healthcare-associated Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections were examined in 38 Australian hospitals across 6 states. We used Poisson regression and examined 12 possible patterns of change, with the best fitting pattern chosen using the Akaike information criterion. Monthly bed-days were included to control for increased hospital use over time.

Results

The National Hand Hygiene Initiative was associated with a reduction in infection rates in 4 of the 6 states studied. Two states showed an immediate reduction in rates of 17% and 28%, 2 states showed a linear decrease in rates of 8% and 11% per year, and 2 showed no change in infection rates.

Conclusions

The intervention was associated with reduced infection rates in most states. The failure in 2 states may have been because those states already had effective initiatives before the national initiative’s introduction or because infection rates were already low and could not be further reduced.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 8 , August 2014 , pp. 1029 - 1036
Copyright
© 2014 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved.

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