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² See the papers of the World Council of Churches' Conference in Sheffield, England, 1981, entitled The Community of Women and Men in the Church, ed. Parvey, Constance (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1983Google Scholar).

³ Carol, Juniper, Fundamentals of Mariology (New York: Benziger, 1956), p. 1.Google Scholar

⁴ Ruether, Rosemary Radford, “Christology and Feminism: Can a Male Savior Help Women?,” Occasional Papers (United Methodist Board of Higher Education and Ministry) 1/13 (1976), 5–6.Google Scholar

⁵ Ruether, Rosemary Radford, Sexism and God-talk; Toward a Feminist Theology (Boston: Beacon, 1983), p. 19.Google Scholar This work's first chapter treats of methodology, sources, and norms (pp. 12-46). For other descriptions of the tasks and goals of feminist theology, see Fiorenza, Elisabeth Schüssler, “Feminist Theology as a Critical Theory of Liberation,” Theological Studies 36 (1975), 605–26;CrossRefGoogle Scholar and Carr, Anne, “Is a Christian Feminist Theology Possible?,” Theological Studies 43 (1982), 279–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar A fine description of what is meant by “women's experience” is given by Plaskow, Judith, Sex, Sin, and Grace: Women's Experience and the Theologies of Reinhold Niebuhr and Paul Tillich (Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1980), pp. 9–50.Google Scholar

⁶ For example of distortion in theory, see Børresen, Kari Elisabeth, Subordination and Equivalence: The Nature and Hole of Woman in Augustine and Thomas Aquinas (Washington, DC: University Press of America, 1981);Google Scholar for analysis of practice, see Daly, Mary, The Church and the Second Sex (New York: Harper & Row, 1975).Google Scholar

⁷ Tomko, Jozef, L'Osservatore Homano (English) 43 (October 26, 1981), 6.Google Scholar

⁸ Noone, Patricia, Mary for Today (Chicago: Thomas More, 1977), p. 12.Google Scholar

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¹⁰ Daly, p. 61.

¹¹ Fiorenza, pp. 620-24.

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¹⁶ Noone, p. 12.

¹⁷ De cultu feminarum, libri duo I, 1, (PL I, 1418b-19a).

¹⁸ Warner, p. 58.

¹⁹ See Ruether, Rosemary Radford, “Misogynism and Virginal Feminism in the Fathers of the Church,” in Ruether, ed., Religion and Sexism: Images of Women in the Jewish and Christian Traditions (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974), pp. 150–83.Google Scholar

²⁰ Summa Theologiae I, q. 92; passim; q. 96, art. 3, Corp.; q. 99, art. 2; ST III, q. 27, passim; q. 30, passim; q. 37, art. 4, corp.; ST Suppl., q. 52, passim; q. 81, passim. See Cole, William, “Thomas on Mary and Women: A Study in Contrasts,” University of Dayton Review 12 (1975–1976), 25–64.Google Scholar

²¹ Galot, Jean, L'église et la femme (Gemblour: J. Duculot, 1965), p. 57.Google Scholar

²² Dimock, Giles, “Mary, Model for the Church Today,” Aids in Ministry (1982), 8.Google Scholar

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²⁴ Daly, Cahal, “Mary and the Vocation of Women: I,” The Furrow 25 (1974), 648.Google Scholar

²⁵ Laurentin, René, “Mary and Womanhood in the Renewal of Christian Anthropology,” Marian Library Studies 1 (1969), 78.Google Scholar While positing equality of nature between men and women, Laurentin nevertheless argues for a “functional hierarchy” between them (p. 89).

²⁶ Rahner, Karl, “Mary and the Apostolate” in his The Christian Commitment (New York: Sheed and Ward, 1963 [1954]), p. 123.Google Scholar

²⁷ Rahner, Karl, “Maria und das christliche Bild der Frau,” Stimmen der Zeit 193 (1975), 795–800.Google Scholar

²⁸ Cahal Daly, “Mary and the Vocation of Women: II,” The Furrow

²⁹ See Graef, Hilda, Mary; A History of Doctrine and Devotion (New York: Sheed and Ward, 1963), 1: esp. chaps 4-6.Google Scholar

³⁰ Gasslein, Bernadetter, “Images de Marie, image de la femme,” Supplement 127 (1978), 583–92.Google Scholar

³¹ Laurentin, René, The Question of Mary (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1965), pp. 72ff.Google Scholar

³² See Halkes, Catharina, “Mary and Women” in Küng and Moltmann, eds., Mary, in the Churches, , pp. 66–67.Google Scholar

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³⁶ Noone, p. 167. Noone's whole book does an effective job of resymbolization along the lines of this first proposal. See also Huws, Glenys and Robert, Clare Guzzo, “A New Image of Mary: Protestant, Catholic and Feminist Perspectives,” America 141 (1979), 403–06.Google Scholar

³⁷ Ruether, Rosemary Radford, Mary—The Feminine Face of the Church (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1977), pp. 76–88.Google Scholar

³⁸ Paul, VI, Marialis Cultus #35, 74.Google Scholar

³⁹ See Brown, Raymond, “The Meaning of Modern New Testament Studies for Ecumenical Understanding of Mary” in his Biblical Reflections on Crises Facing the Church (New York: Paulist, 1975), pp. 84–108;Google ScholarBearsley, Patrick, “Mary the Perfect Disciple: A Paradigm for Mariology,” Theological Studies 41 (1980), 461–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁴⁰ See Moltmann-Wendel, Elisabeth, “Motherhood or Friendship” in Küng, and Moltmann, , eds., Mary in the Churches, pp. 17–22;Google ScholarRuether, , Sexism and God-Talk, pp. 8–11;Google Scholar Schüssler Fiorenza, pp. 624-26. See also Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza's study of the discipleship of other women {not including Mary of Nazareth), In Memory of Her: A Feminist Theological Reconstruction of Christian Origins (New York: Crossroad, 1983).Google Scholar

⁴¹ This is still a partial ideal for it omits reference to adult relationships which are constitutive for wholeness. For discussion, see Bruteau, Beatrice, “The Image of the Virgin Mother” in Plaskow, J. and Romero, J., eds., Women and Religion (Missoula, MT: Scholars Press, 1974), pp. 93–104.Google Scholar

⁴² Tillich, Paul, Theology of Culture (New York: Oxford University Press, 1964), pp. 54–58.Google Scholar

⁴³ Rahner, Karl, “Maria und das christiliche Bild der Frau,” p. 800.Google Scholar