¹ The following historical survey draws on material previously published in my introduction to When the Magisterium Intervenes: The Magisterium and Theologians in Today's Church, ed. Gaillardetz, Richard R. (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2012), vii–xviiGoogle Scholar.

² Aquinas, Thomas, Quaestiones Quodlibetales, ed. Spiazzi, Raimundo (Turin: Marietti, 1956), III, q.4, a. 1Google Scholar. Yves Congar contributed two classic studies of the history of the term “magisterium”: “A Semantic History of the Term ‘Magisterium’” and “A Brief History of the Forms of the Magisterium and its Relations with Scholars.” Both are anthologized in Readings in Moral Theology, No. 3: The Magisterium and Morality, eds. Curran, Charles E. and McCormick, Richard A. (New York: Paulist, 1982), 297–313, 314–31Google Scholar.

³ Schatz, Klaus, Papal Primacy: From Its Origins to the Present, trans. Otto, John A. and Maloney, Linda M. (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 1996), 167–68Google Scholar.

⁴ Texts of these and of the other encyclicals, other official Vatican documents, and the documents of the Second Vatican Council can be found on the Vatican's website (http://www.vatican.va) under either the papal author, the curial office issuing the document, or in the Vatican website's resource library (http://www.vatican.va/archive/index.htm).

⁵ For a helpful survey of the manuals on this question, see Komonchak, Joseph, “Ordinary Papal Magisterium and Religious Assent,” in The Magisterium and Morality, 67–90, at 70–78Google Scholar.

⁶ Schemata Constitutionum et Decretorum de quibus disceptabitur in Concilii sessionibus: Series Secunda, Vol. II, De Ecclesia et de B. Maria Virgine (Vatican City: Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, 1962), 48–9Google Scholar.

⁷ Komonchak, , “Ordinary Papal Magisterium,” 69Google Scholar.

⁸ Wicks, Jared, “Vatican II on Revelation—From Behind the Scenes,” Theological Studies 71 (2010): 637–50, at 650CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

⁹ Wicks, Jared, Doing Theology (New York: Paulist, 2009), 222–23Google Scholar.

¹⁰ See, for example, the bold vision of papal primacy in ecumenical context set forth in his encyclical Ut unum sint (1995).

¹¹ See the Apostolic Constitution Ex corde ecclesiae (1990), §29.

¹² Hinze, Bradford, “A Decade of Disciplining Theologians,” in When the Magisterium Intervenes, 3–39Google Scholar (this essay is a revision of an earlier version that appeared in Horizons 37 [Spring 2010]: 92–126CrossRefGoogle Scholar).

¹³ Hinze, Bradford E., “Ecclesial Impasse: What Can We Learn from Our Laments?” Theological Studies 72 (2011): 470–95CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

¹⁴ See the public statement (February 10, 2012) by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), http://www.usccb.org/news/2012/12-026.cfm.

¹⁵ Quoted from “Bishops are Picking a Fight This Election Year,” http://www.cathnewsusa.com/2012/05/bishops-are-picking-a-fight-this-election-year.

¹⁶ “Address of His Holiness Benedict XVI to the Bishops of the United States of America on their ‘ad limina’ visit” (January 19, 2012), http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2012/january/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20120119_bishops-usa_en.html.

¹⁷ Taylor, Charles, A Secular Age (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press/Harvard University Press, 2007)Google Scholar.

¹⁸ Lyon, David, Jesus in Disneyland: Religion in Postmodern Times (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2000), 34Google Scholar.

¹⁹ Miller, Vincent J., Consuming Religion: Christian Faith and Practice in a Consumer Culture (New York: Continuum, 2004)Google Scholar; idem, “When Mediating Structures Change: The Magisterium, the Media and the Culture Wars,” in When the Magisterium Intervenes, 154–74.

²⁰ See the statement by the Vatican's Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments regarding principles for liturgical translation, Liturgiam Authenticam, 40: “Great caution is to be taken to avoid a wording or style that the Catholic faithful would confuse with the manner of speech of non-Catholic ecclesial communities or of other religions….” (http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20010507_liturgiam-authenticam_en.html). This principle is clearly in evidence in the recent English translation of the Roman Missal.

²¹ Segundo, Juan Luis, The Liberation of Dogma: Faith, Revelation and Dogmatic Teaching Authority, trans. Berryman, Philip (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1992), 108Google Scholar.

²² Miller, , “When Mediating Structures Change,” 164–65Google Scholar.

²³ Newman, John Henry, An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, 6th ed. (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1989), 47Google Scholar.

²⁴ See Godzieba, Anthony J., “Quaestio Disputata: The Magisterium in an Age of Digital Reproduction,” When the Magisterium Intervenes, 140–53Google Scholar.

²⁵ See Lonergan, Bernard, “The Transition from a Classicist Worldview to Historical Mindedness” and “The Dehellenization of Dogma,” in A Second Collection: Papers, ed. Ryan, William F.J. and Tyrrell, Bernard J. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996), 1–9, 11–2Google Scholar.

²⁶ “The Toledo Talk,” in Bridging the Sacred and the Secular: Selected Writings of John Courtney Murray, ed. Hooper, J. Leon (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 1994), 334–41Google Scholar. Notes from this lecture can also be accessed from the Woodstock Theological Center Library on-line (http://woodstock.georgetown.edu/library/Murray/1967g.htm).

²⁷ Lash, Nicholas, “Authors, Authority, and Authorization” in Authority in the Roman Catholic Church: Theory and Practice, ed. Hoose, Bernard (Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishers, 2002), 65Google Scholar.

²⁸ Farley, Margaret, “Ethics, Ecclesiology and the Grace of Self-Doubt,” in A Call to Fidelity: On the Moral Theology of Charles E. Curran, edited by Walter, James J., O'Connell, Timothy E. and Shannon, Thomas A. (Washington DC: Georgetown University Press, 2002), 55–76Google Scholar.

²⁹ Mansi, Joannes, Sacrorum conciliorumnova, et amplissima collectio, (Paris: H. Welter, 1901–1927), 52, 1213DGoogle Scholar. An English translation of Gasser's relatio can be found in The Gift of Infallibility: The Official Relatio on Infallibility of Bishop Vincent Ferrer Gasser at Vatican Council I, trans. O'Connor, James T. (2nd updated edition, San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2008)Google Scholar.

³⁰ Granfield, Patrick, The Limits of the Papacy (New York: Crossroad, 1987)Google Scholar.

³¹ Congar, Yves, Vrai et fausse réforme dans l'Église, rev. ed. (Paris: Cerf, 1968), 164Google Scholar; True and False Reform in the Church, trans. Philibert, Paul (Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2011), 154Google Scholar.

³² Taylor, Charles, “Magisterial Authority,” in The Crisis of Authority in Catholic Modernity, edited by Lacey, Michael and Oakley, Francis (New York: Oxford, 2011), 259–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

³³ National Conference of Catholic Bishops, Challenge of Peace (Washington, DC: USCC, 1983, para. 10)Google Scholar; National Conference of Catholic Bishops, Economic Justice for All (Washington, DC: USCC, 1986, para. 135)Google Scholar.

³⁴ International Theological Commission, “Theology Today: Perspectives, Principles and Criteria,” http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/cti_documents/rc_cti_doc_20111129_teologia-oggi_en.html.

³⁵ Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, “Notification on the works of FatherJon Sobrino, SJ: Jesucristo liberador. Lectura histórico-teológica de Jesús de Nazaret (Madrid, 1991)Google Scholar and La fe en Jesucristo. Ensayo desde las víctimas (San Salvador, 1999)” (October 13, 2006), http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20061126_notification-sobrino_en.htmlGoogle Scholar.

³⁶ Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, “Notification on the book Toward a Christian Theology of Religious Pluralism (Orbis Books: Maryknoll, New York 1997)Google Scholar by Father Jacques Dupuis, S.J.” (January 24, 2001), http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20010124_dupuis_en.html.

³⁷ Ibid., preface.

³⁸ Cf. the complete dossier in When the Magisterium Intervenes, 183–275.

³⁹ A typical example can be found in Ott, Ludwig, Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma, 4th ed., trans. Lynch, Patrick, ed. Bastible, James (St. Louis: B. Herder, 1960), 9–10Google Scholar. See also Salaverri, JosephSacrae theologiae summa, vol. 1, 781–96Google Scholar. For an in-depth treatment of the role of theological notes and censures see Cartechini, Sixtus, De valore notarum theologicarum et de criteriis ad eas dignoscendas (Rome: Gregorian University Press, 1951)Google Scholar.

⁴⁰ See Ernst, Harold, “The Theological Notes and the Interpretation of Doctrine,” Theological Studies 63 (2002): 813–2CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

⁴¹ Dulles, Avery, The Craft of Theology: From Symbol to System (New York: Crossroad, 1995), 43Google Scholar.

⁴² Responsum ad dubium, Origins 25 (November 30, 1995): 401Google Scholar.

⁴³ Ratzinger, Cardinal Joseph and Bertone, Archbishop Tarcisio, “Commentary on Profession of Faith's Concluding Paragraphs,” Origins 28 (July 16, 1998): 116–19Google Scholar.

⁴⁴ Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, “Note on the Minister of the Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick” (February 11, 2005), http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20050211_unzione-infermi_en.html: “This doctrine is definitive tenenda. Neither deacons nor lay persons may exercise the said ministry, and any action in this regard constitutes a simulation of the Sacrament.”

⁴⁵ O'Meara, Thomas F., “Divine Grace and Human Nature as Sources for the Universal Magisterium of Bishops,” Theological Studies 64 (2003): 683–706, at 688–89CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

⁴⁶ Ibid.

⁴⁷ See McCormick, Richard A., Notes on Moral Theology: 1965 through 1980 (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1981), 261–6Google Scholar.