Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 June 2017
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2 Clausen, John A., ed., Socialization and Society (Boston, 1968), p. 3.Google Scholar
3 Nisbet, Robert A., The Social Bond: An Introduction to the Study of Society (New York, 1970), p. 225. See also Elkin, Frederick, The Child and Society: The Process of Socialization (New York, 1960).Google Scholar
4 Although Cremin's book covers all of the English mainland colonies, my discussion will be limited to the New England colonies because most of the important recent literature has dealt with them.Google Scholar
5 For the English story see Vaughan, Alden T., New England Frontier: Puritans and Indians, 1620–1675 (Boston, 1965); for the French see Cornelius J. Jaenen, “The Meeting of the French and Amerindians in the 17th Century,” unpublished paper read at the Northern Great Plains History Conference, Collegeville, Minnesota, November 1969 (mimeo). On ethnic purity in New England see Zuckerman, Michael, Peaceable Kingdoms: New England Towns in the Eighteenth Century (New York, 1970), pp. 106–111.Google Scholar
6 See Jordan, Winthrop, White Over Black: American Attitudes Towards the Negro, 1550–1812 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1968); Greene, Lorenzo J., The Negro in Colonial New England (New York, 1942).Google Scholar
7 Bailyn, Bernard, Education in the Forming of American Society: Needs and Opportunities for Study (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1960), p. 73.Google Scholar
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12 Powell, Sumner C., Puritan Village: The Formation of a New England Town (Middletown, Conn., 1963), chaps. 8–9.Google Scholar
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14 Breen, , The Character of the Good Ruler: Puritan Political Ideas in New England, 1630–1730 (New Haven, 1970), p. 87.Google Scholar
15 Rutman, , American Puritanism: Faith and Practice, paperback ed. (Philadelphia, 1970), pp. 114–123.Google Scholar
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18 On the Great Awakening see Bumstead, J. M., “What Must I Do To Be Saved? A Consideration of Recent Writings on the Great Awakening in Colonial America,” Canadian Association for American Studies Bulletin, IV (1969), esp. 43–46, 51–53; Walsh, James, “The Great Awakening in the First Congregational Church of Woodbury, Connecticut,” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., XXVIII (October 1971), 543–562.Google Scholar
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20 Zuckerman, , Peaceable Kingdoms, p. 123.Google Scholar
21 Lockridge, , A New England Town, chap. 3; Breen, Timothy H., “Who Governs: The Town Franchise in Seventeenth-Century Massachusetts,” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., XXVII (July 1970), 460–474; Zuckerman, , Peaceable Kingdoms, passim.Google Scholar
22 Rutman, , Winthrop's Boston; Powell, Puritan Village. For Boston in the eighteenth century see G. B. Warden, Boston, 1689–1776 (Boston, 1970).Google Scholar
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24 James, , “Colonial Rhode Island and the Beginnings of the Liberal Rationalized State,” Richter, Melvin, ed., Essays in Theory and History: An Approach to the Social Sciences (Cambridge, Mass., 1970), p. 178, and pp. 165–185 in general. See also Lockridge, , A New England Town, p. 137. Precisely the opposite view is in Zuckerman, Peaceable Kingdoms, chap. 1.Google Scholar
25 Henretta, , “The Morphology of New England Society in the Colonial Period,” 397. His interpretation conflicts with my own reading of the books he is reviewing.Google Scholar
26 Cremin, p. 544.Google Scholar
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29 See, for instance, Erikson, Kai T., Wayward Puritans: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance (New York, 1966); Cohen, Ronald D., “Church and State in Seventeenth-Century Massachusetts: Another Look at the Antinomian Controversy, 1637–1640,” Journal of Church and State, XII (Autumn 1970), 475–494.Google Scholar
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36 Greene, , “Search for Identity: An Interpretation of the Meaning of Selected Patterns of Social Response in Eighteenth-Century America,” Journal of Social History, III (Spring 1970), 190–191, 218, and passim.Google Scholar
37 I have only dealt with the New England colonies, supposedly the most homogenous and stable of the colonies. It seems apparent that if what I say is true for them, it is doubly true for the more factious and heterogenous middle and southern colonies, where, for instance, the schools were certainly less important.Google Scholar