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53. Ibid., 297. These responses may well have indicated what educators thought they should have been doing, not what they were actually doing. As we shall see below, much of what passed for guidance in California was quite rudimentary. Californians were not the only ones who indicated that they had at least begun to introduce guidance, however. In the nation as a whole, educators indicated that they had made an initial commitment to guidance. Data collected in a 1927 sample of 522 secondary schools in forty-one states indicated that, according to the principals, 87 percent provided educational guidance, 83 percent provided personal guidance, and 74 percent provided vocational guidance. Similarly, in 1930, when the White House Conference of Child Health and Protection surveyed the status of guidance across the country, thirty-four of the thirty-six largest cities responding had a guidance program while 57 percent of the medium-sized cities had guidance counselors and almost 60 percent of the smallest cities had them, although few rural communities did. See Reavis, William C., Programs of Guidance, U.S. Office of Education, Bulletin No. 17, 1932, Monograph No. 14 (Washington, D.C., 1933), 3–4; and White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, Vocational Guidance (New York, 1933), 43.Google Scholar

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