Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-5r2nc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-11T02:28:00.304Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Botany Texts: A Survey of Their Development in American Higher Education, 1643–1906

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2017

Charles E. Ford
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

An integral factor in the history of American higher education is the evolution of the textbook as an instructional device. This often ignored item can, as a matter of fact, offer insight into seemingly disparate threads of the historical process, such as the role and function of academic personnel, pedagogical techniques, and the curriculum. None of these implications will be examined here; rather, it is the purpose of this article to sketch the evolution of the text as a text.

Type
Research Article
Information
History of Education Quarterly , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , March 1964 , pp. 59 - 71
Copyright
Copyright © 1964, University of Pittsburgh Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Notes

1. Reproduced in Eliot Morison, Samuel, The Founding of Harvard College (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1935), 420–446.Google Scholar

2. Martin Smallwood, William and Smallwood, Mabel, Natural History and the American Mind (New York, 1941), 44.Google Scholar

3. Morison, , op. cit., 436.Google Scholar

4. Ware, John, ed., 5th ed., (Boston, 1834).Google Scholar

5. Ibid., 12.Google Scholar

6. Ibid., 13.Google Scholar

7. Trans, by Blake, Rev. S. L. (Boston, 1830).Google Scholar

8. Trans, by Wilson, James H. (London, n. d.).Google Scholar

9. Smith Barton, Benjamin, Elements of Botany or Outlines of the Natural History of Vegetables (Philadelphia, 1836), 1.Google Scholar

10. (Boston, 1811), IX.Google Scholar

11. (Albany, New York, 1836).Google Scholar

12. (New York, 1871).Google Scholar

13. (New York, 1879).Google Scholar

14. Hunter Dupree, A., Asa Gray 1810–1888 (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1959), 170.Google Scholar

15. (Boston, 1848).Google Scholar

16. (New York), iii.Google Scholar

17. iii.Google Scholar

18. (New York).Google Scholar

19. XIII (1888), 41.Google Scholar

20. Botanical Gazette, XXVI (1898), 216.Google Scholar

21. (New York).Google Scholar

22. “The Progress of Our Knowledge of the Flora of North America,” Popular Science Monthly, LXX (June, 1907), 515.Google Scholar

23. “The Change from the Old to the New Botany in the United States,” Science, XXXVII (January 1917), 84.Google Scholar

24. Ibid., 83.Google Scholar

25. Rodgers, Andrew D., John Merle Coulter. Missionary in Science (Princeton, 1944), 51.Google Scholar

26. Beal, W. J., “The History of the Botanical Department …” 31st Annual Report Michigan Board of Agriculture (Lansing, Mich., 1879), 84.Google Scholar

27. Beal, W. J., The New Botany, A Lecture on the Best Method of Teaching (Lansing, Mich., 1879), 6.Google Scholar

28. Arthur, J. C., “Development of Vegetable Physiology,” Proceedings of American Association for the Advancement of Science (August–September, 1895), 169.Google Scholar

29. (New York, 1888).Google Scholar

30. XII (1887), 94.Google Scholar

31. (New York).Google Scholar

32. Goodale, George L., Physiological Botany (New York, 1885), vii.Google Scholar

33. Robinson, B. L., “George Lincoln Goodale,” Memoirs of the National Academy of Science, XXI (1927), 4.Google Scholar

34. Ibid., 4.Google Scholar

35. Ibid., 4.Google Scholar

36. Ibid., 4.Google Scholar

37. Dupree, Asa Gray, 394.Google Scholar

38. Bessey, Charles E., American Naturalist, XX (March, 1886), 536.Google Scholar

39. XII, 140.Google Scholar