Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T00:56:12.328Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Preserving and Digitizing Djenné’s Manuscript Collections: The Politics of Space and Agency in Central Mali

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 March 2020

Abstract

This article explores archival practices and ownership of the largely Arabic manuscript collections at the Djenné Manuscript Library. From 2009 to 2017 grants from the British Library’s Endangered Archives Programme enabled the preservation of 8,520 manuscripts and digitization of about 400,000 folios. In a politically volatile environment like Mali, the future of historical research is mostly contingent on the availability of digital archives. While these archives enable research that otherwise could not be conducted, they also limit the research experience in situ and thus affect findings. For the manuscript owners, questions arise about digital imperialism.

Résumé

Résumé

Cet article analyse les pratiques archivistiques et la question de la propriété des collections de manuscrits en grande partie arabes de la bibliothèque de manuscrits de Djenné. De 2009 à 2017, les financements du programme Endangered Archives de la British Library ont permis de préserver 8 520 manuscrits et de numériser environ 400 000 folios. Dans un environnement politiquement instable comme celui du Mali, l’avenir de la recherche historique dépend principalement de la disponibilité des archives numériques. Bien que ces archives permettent des recherches qui ne pourraient pas être autrement menées, elles limitent également l’expérience de recherche in situ et par conséquent ses résultats. Pour les propriétaires de manuscrits, des questions se posent à propos de l’impérialisme numérique.

Type
Archives and the Digital Turn
Copyright
© African Studies Association, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Berndt, Jeremy R., “Closer Than Your Jugular Vein: Muslim Intellectuals in a Malian Village, 1900 to the 1960s,” PhD dissertation, Northwestern University (Evanston IL, 2008).Google Scholar
Bøås, Morten, and Torheim, Liv E., “The International Intervention in Mali: ‘Desert Blues’ or a New Beginning?,” International Journal 68–3 (2013), 417423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brenner, Louis, Controlling Knowledge: Religion, Power, and Schooling in a West African Muslim Society (Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press, 2001).Google Scholar
English, Charlie, The Storied City: The Quest for Timbuktu and the Fantastic Mission to Save its Past (New York: Riverhead Books, 2017).Google Scholar
Goya, Michel, “La guerre de trois mois: l’intervention française au Mali en perspectives,” Politique étrangère 78–2 (2013), 157168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hagberg, Sten, and Körling, Gabriella, “Socio-Political Turmoil in Mali: The Public Debate Following the ‘Coup d’État’ on 22 March 2012,” Africa Spectrum 47–2/3 (2012), 111125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haïdara, Abdel Kader, “An Overview of the Major Manuscript Libraries in Timbuktu,” in: Krätli, Graziano and Lydon, Ghislaine (eds.), The Trans-Saharan Book Trade: Manuscript Culture, Arabic Literacy and Intellectual History in Muslim Africa (Leiden: Brill, 2011), 241264.Google Scholar
Hall, Bruce, “Rethinking the Place of Timbuktu in the Intellectual History of Muslim West Africa,” in: Green, Toby and Rossi, Benedetta (eds.), Landscapes, Sources and Intellectual Projects of the West African Past (Leiden: Brill, 2018), 239258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, Bruce S., and Stewart, Charles C., “The Historic ‘Core Curriculum’ and the Book Market in Islamic West Africa,” in: Krätli, Graziano and Lydon, Ghislaine (eds.), The Trans-Saharan Book Trade: Manuscript Culture, Arabic Literacy and Intellectual History in Muslim Africa (Leiden: Brill, 2011), 109174.Google Scholar
Human Rights Watch, “World Report 2018, Mali,” https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2018/country-chapters/mali, accessed 31 January 2018.Google Scholar
Human, Rights Watch, “World Report 2019, Mali,” https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/mali, accessed 2 February 2019.Google Scholar
Jeppie, Shamil, and Diagne, Souleymane Bachir (eds.), The Meanings of Timbuktu (Cape Town: HSRC Press, 2008).Google Scholar
Joy, Charlotte, “‘Enchanting Town of Mud:’ Djenné, a World Heritage Site in Mali,” in: de Jong, Ferdinand and Rowlands, Michael (eds.), Reclaiming Heritage: Alternative Imaginaries of Memory in West Africa (Walnut Creek: Taylor and Francis, 2008), 145159.Google Scholar
Lecocq, Baz, “Mali: This is Only the Beginning,” Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 14–2 (2013), 5969.Google Scholar
Lecocq, Baz, and Georg, Klute, “Tuareg Separatism in Mali,” International Journal 68–3 (2013), 424434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Magnani, Fabrizio, “Preserving the Memory of the Colonial Past in Dogon Country. A Survey of Historical Collections of the Endangered Archives of Bandiagara,” (2014), https://doi.org/10.15130/EAP764, accessed 31 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mann, Gregory, “Dust to Dust: A User’s Guide to Local Archives in Mali,” History in Africa 26 (1999), 453456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marchand, Trevor H.J., The Masons of Djenné (Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press, 2009).Google Scholar
McIntosh, Roderick J., The Peoples of the Middle Niger (Malden MA: Blackwell, 1998).Google Scholar
Molins Lliteras, Susana, “A Preliminary Appraisal of Marginalia in West African Manuscripts from the Mamma Haïdara Memorial Library Collection (Timbuktu),” in: Brigaglia, Andrea and Nobili, Mauro (eds.), The Arts and Crafts of Literacy: Islamic Manuscript Cultures in Sub-Saharan Africa (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2017), 143177.Google Scholar
Mommersteeg, Geert, In the City of the Marabouts: Islamic Culture in West Africa (Long Grove IL: Waveland Press, 2012).Google Scholar
Monteil, Charles, Une cité soudanaise: Djénné métropole du delta central du Niger (Paris: Éditions Anthropos, 1971).Google Scholar
Nobili, Mauro, “Arabic Scripts in West African Manuscripts: A Tentative Classification from the de Gironcourt Collection,” Islamic Africa 2–1 (2011), 105133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodet, Marie, “Documenting Slavery and Emancipation in Kita, Western Mali,” (2015), https://doi.org/10.15130/EAP820, accessed 31 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodet, Marie, “Recovering the Rich Local History of Kita (Mali) through the Salvaging of its Archival Heritage,” (2017), https://dx.doi.org/10.15130/EAP1085, accessed 31 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Endangered Archives Programme 269: Preliminary Survey of Arabic Manuscripts in Djenné, Mali, with a View to a Major Project of Preservation, Digitisation and Cataloguing,” (2010), https://eap.bl.uk/sites/default/files/legacy-eap/downloads/eap269_survey.pdf, accessed 2 February 2019.Google Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Djenné Djenno,” (13 March 2012), http://djennedjenno.blogspot.com, accessed 31 January 2019.Google Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Endangered Archives Programme 488: Major Project to Digitise and Preserve the Manuscripts of Djenné, Mali,” https://doi.org/10.15130/EAP488, accessed 5 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Endangered Archives Programme 690: Project to Digitise and Preserve the Manuscripts of Djenné and Surrounding Villages,” https://doi.org/10.15130/EAP690, accessed 7 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “In the Shadow of Timbuktu: The Manuscripts of Djenné,” in: Kominko, Maja (ed.), From Dust to Digital: Ten Years of the Endangered Archives Programme (Open Book Publishers, 2015), 173187.Google Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Commuting to Timbuktu,” (15 July 2017), http://commutingtotimbuktu.blogspot.com, accessed 2 February 2019.Google Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Digitisation of the Ben Essayouti, the Fondo Kati and the Mohammed Tahar Manuscript Libraries of Timbuktu,” (2017), https://eap.bl.uk/project/EAP1094, accessed 31 January 2019.Google Scholar
Sarin, Sophie, “Endangered Archives Programme 879: Continued Digitisation and Preservation of the Arabic Manuscripts of Djenné and Surrounding Villages: Final Report, 7 November 2017” (copy in author’s possession).Google Scholar
Sattin, Anthony, “Written in the Sand,” Christie’s Magazine (February-March 2018), 2427.Google Scholar
Scheele, Judith, “Coming to Terms with Tradition: Manuscript Conservation in Contemporary Algeria,” in: Krätli, Graziano and Lydon, Ghislaine (eds.), The Trans-Saharan Book Trade: Manuscript Culture, Arabic Literacy and Intellectual History in Muslim Africa (Leiden: Brill, 2011), 291318.Google Scholar
Soares, Benjamin, “Islam in Mali since the 2012 Coup,” Hot Spots, Cultural Anthropology Website (10 June 2013), https://culanth.org/fieldsights/321-islam-in-mali-since-the–2012-coup, accessed 31 January 2019.Google Scholar
Straughn, Ian, “Documenting the Arabic Manuscript Collection of the Yattara Family Library, Timbuktu, Mali,” (2016), https://doi.org/10.15130/EAP913, accessed 31 January 2019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
III Ware, Rudolph T., The Walking Qur’an: Islamic Education, Embodied Knowledge, and History in West Africa (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar