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THE PROTESTANT MINORITY IN SOUTHERN IRELAND

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2012

EUGENIO F. BIAGINI
EUGENIO F. BIAGINI*
Affiliation:
Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
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Type
Review Article
Information
The Historical Journal , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 1161 - 1184
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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References

1 Hubert Butler to Carol Janeway, rough notes for a letter, Apr–July 1980, in Butler papers, Trinity College Dublin, 10304/639/3.

2 For a few examples see Hiden, J. and Smith, D., ‘Looking beyond the nation state: a Baltic vision for national minorities between the wars’, Journal of Contemporary History, 41 (2006), pp. 387–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar; and the essays in Smith, D., Swain, G., and Galbreath, D., eds., From recognition to restoration: Latvia's history as a nation-state. Series: on the boundary of two worlds: identity, freedom and moral imagination in the Baltics (Amsterdam and New York, NY, 2010)Google Scholar.

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10 A few examples are: McDowell, R. B., Crisis and decline: the fate of Southern Unionism (Dublin, 1997)Google Scholar; T. A. M. Dooley, ‘Monaghan Protestants in a time of crisis, 1919–1922’, in R. Comerford et al., Religion, conflict and coexistence in Ireland (Dublin, 1990); I. d'Alton, ‘Keeping faith: an evocation of the Cork Protestant character, 1820–1920’, in P. O'Flanagan and C. Buttimer, eds., Cork history and society (Dublin, 1997), and his ‘“A vestigial population”? Perspectives on Southern Irish Protestants in the twentieth century’, Eire-Ireland, 44 (Winter 2009–10); Hart, P., The IRA & its enemies, 1916–1923 (Oxford, 1998)Google Scholar, and The IRA at war, 1916–1923 (Oxford, 2003); Bowen, Kurt, Protestants in a Catholic state: Ireland's privileged minority (Dublin, 1983)Google Scholar, and Magahey, Alan, The Irish Protestant churches in the twentieth century (London, 2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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17 On these episodes see Lewis, Gwynne, Second Vendée: the continuity of Counter-Revolution in the department of the Gard, 1789–1815 (Oxford, 1978)Google Scholar; Fitzpatrick, David, Catholic royalism in the Gard, 1814–1852 (Cambridge, 2003)Google Scholar; and the comparative Joseph Ruane, ‘After conflict: Protestant identity in the Gard today’, in Philip Benedict, Hugues Daussy, and Pierre-Olivier Léchot, eds., Histoire, mémoire et identités en mutation: les Huguenots en France et en diaspora (XVIe–XXe siècles) (Paris, 2010).

18 Jenkins, B., Irish nationalism and the British state: from Repeal to revolutionary nationalism (Montreal and London, 2006), p. 135Google Scholar; see also Kerby A. Miller, ‘The lost world of Andrew Johnston: sectarianism, social contact, and cultural change in Southern Ireland during the pre-Famine era’, in James S. Donnelly and Kerby A. Miller (eds.), Irish popular culture, 1650–1850 (Dublin and Portland, OR, 1998), pp. 222–41; Bartlett, Thomas, The fall and rise of the Irish nation: the Catholic question, 1690–1830 (Dublin, 1992)Google Scholar; and McConnel, J.. ‘Remembering the 1605 Gunpowder Plot in Ireland, 1606–1920’, Journal of British Studies, 50 (2011), pp. 863–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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22 Hart, , The IRA & its enemiesGoogle Scholar, and The IRA at war. For some controversies at the level of popular and public history, see the media coverage generated by Murphy, Gerard, The year of disappearances: political killings in Cork, 1921–1922 (Dublin, 2010)Google Scholar, for example Eoghan Harris, Irish Examiner, 5 Nov. 2010, and Caoimhe Nic Dháibháid, Irish Times, 11 Dec. 2010, and the correspondence on the burning of the Ballyconree Protestant Orphanage in West Cork in 1922, particularly Niall Meehan in Irish Times, 20 Jan. 2012, p. 12. For the latest academic development in this diatribe, see Fitzpatrick, D. (ed.) Terror in Ireland, 1916–1923 (Dublin, 2012)Google Scholar; Regan, John, ‘The Bandon valley massacre as a historical problem’, History, 97 (2012), pp. 70–97CrossRefGoogle Scholar : idem, ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: “the two histories”’, History Ireland, 20 (2012), pp. 10–15.

23 See leading articles, ‘Criminal madness’, Irish Independent, issues of 26 Apr. – 4 May 1916, p. 2, and ‘The clemency plea’, Irish Independent, 10 May 1916, p. 2.

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28 Dooley, T., ‘The land for the people’: the land question in independent Ireland (Dublin, 2004), pp. 18–19, 57–9Google Scholar. Even after the Hogan Act, the landed minority retained a comparatively strong position: the census of 1926 indicated that ‘Protestants who made up only 8.4 per cent of the population of the Free State, owned 28 per cent of the farms over 200 acres in size’ (ibid., p. 45).

29 Craig is a little-studied figure who deserves a fresh reappraisal. The two existing biographies – Ervine, St John Greer, Craigavon, Ulsterman (London, 1949)Google Scholar, and Buckland, P., James Craig: Lord Craigavon (Dublin, 1980)Google Scholar – are not only limited in scope, but also clearly dated. The most important work on his tenure in office is Buckland, P., The factory of grievances: devolved government in Northern Ireland, 1921–1939 (Dublin, 1979)Google Scholar.

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33 For Miller's views, see his classic ‘Presbyterianism and “modernization” in Ulster’, Past & Present, 80 (1978), pp. 66–90, and his more recent ‘Did Ulster have a devotional revolution?’, in J. H. Murhpy, ed., Evangelicals and Catholics in nineteenth-century Ireland (Dublin, 2005), pp. 38–54.

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38 Peter Martin, ‘Unionism: the irish nobility and revolution, 1919–1923’, in J. Augusteijn, ed., The Irish Revolution, 1913–1923 (Basingstoke and New York, NY, 2002), p. 162.

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