Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T07:31:27.064Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

X-Rays from Clusters of Galaxies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 March 2016

J.L. Culhane
J.L. Culhane*
Affiliation:
Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey, England

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The discovery of the extended sources of X-ray emission associated with clusters of galaxies was undoubtedly one of the most significant observations carried out by the Uhuru satellite (Gursky et al (1971), Giacconi et al (1974)). At the present time, there are more than 30 identifications and suggested associations of X-ray sources with clusters of galaxies although extended emission has been directly observed in less than 10 cases.

The mechanism for X-ray emission from such large objects is of considerable interest. X-rays could be generated by the inverse Compton interactions of microwave background photons with populations of relativistic electrons distributed throughout the clusters. Alternatively the radiation may be due to Bremsstrahlung from hot (T ≃ 108 °K) gas which constitutes an intracluster medium. Progress in understanding the extended X-ray sources and in determining the emission mechanism has come from observations of the X-ray structure and spectra of the cluster sources and it is the purpose of this review to present the current status of these observations.

Type
Joint Dicussions
Information
Highlights of Astronomy , Volume 4 , Issue 1: Highlights of Astronomy. As presented at the XVIth General Assembly of the IAU, 1976 (Part I) , 1977 , pp. 293 - 309
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1977

References

Arp, H., and Bertola, F., (1971), Ap. J., 163, 195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bahcall, N.A., Harris, D.E., and Strom, R.G., (1976), Ap. J., 209, L17.Google Scholar
Cash, W., Malina, R. and wolff, R., (1976), Berkeley Preprint. Catura, R.C., Risher, P.C., Johnson, H.M., and Meyerott, A.J., (1972), Ap. J., 177, L1.Google Scholar
Catura, R.C., Acton, L.U., Johnson, H.M., and Zaumen, W.T., (1974), Ap. J., 190, 521.Google Scholar
Catura, R.C., Fisher, P.C., Johnson, H.M., and Meyerott, A.J., (1972),Space. Vol II, P970, Calgary, Canada, 14-21 August, 1974.Google Scholar
Cooke, B.A. and Maccagni, D., (1976), M.N.R.A.S., 175, 65P.Google Scholar
Cooke, B.A., and Maccacaro, T., (1976), Private Communication.Google Scholar
Davidsen, A., Bowyer, S., Lampton, M., and Cruddace, R., (1975), Ap. J., 198, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elvis, M., (1976), Submitted to M.N.R.A.S. Google Scholar
Fabian, A.C., Zarnecki, J.C., Culhane, J.L., Hawkins, F.J., Peacock, A.,Google Scholar
Pounds, K.A., and Parkinson, J.H., (1974), Ap. J., 189, L59.Google Scholar
Fritz, G., Davidson, A., Meekins, J.F., and Friedman, H., (1971), Ap. J., 164, L81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giacconi, R., Murray, S., Gursky, H., Kellogg, E., Schreier, E.,Google Scholar
Matilsky, T., Koch, P., and Tananbaum, H., (1974), Ap. J., Suppl. 27, PP37–64.Google Scholar
Gorenstein, P., Bjorkholm, P., Harris, 8., and Harnden, F.R., (1973),Ap. J., 183, L57.Google Scholar
Gorenstein, P., (1976), Paper presented at the meeting of the AAS High Energy Astrophysics Division. January, 1976, Boston. Griffiths, R.E., Peacock, A., Davison, P.J.N., Rosenberg, F., and Smart, N.C., (1974), Nature, 250, 471.Google Scholar
Gunn, J.E., and Gott, J.R.,(1972), Ap. J., 176, 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gull, S.F., and Northover, K.J.E., (1975), M.N.R.A.S., 173, 585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gursky, H., Kellogg, E.M., Murray, S., Leong, C., Tananbaum, H., and Giacconi, R., (1971), Ap. J. Letters, 167, L81.Google Scholar
Heinz, C.3., Clark, G.W., Lewin, W.H.G., Schnopper, H.W., and Sprott,Google Scholar
G.F., (1974), Ap. J., 188, L41.Google Scholar
Ives, J.C., and Sanford, P.W., (1976), M.N.R.A.S., 176, 13P.Google Scholar
Kellogg, E.M., Baldwin, J.R., and Koch, D., (1975), Ap. J., 199, 299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lea, S.M., Silk, J., Kellogg, E., and Murray, S., (1973), Ap. J., 184, L105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lea, S., (1975), Astrophys. Lett., 16 141.Google Scholar
Malina, R., Lampton, M., and Bowyer, S., (1976), Berkeley Preprint. Melnick, J., and Quintana, H., (1975), Ap. J., 198, L97.Google Scholar
Miley, G.K., and Parola, G.C., (1975), Astr. and Ap., 45, 223.Google Scholar
Mitchell, R.J., Charles, P.A., Culhane, J.L., and Davison, P.J.N., (1975), Ap. J., 200, L5.Google Scholar
Mitchell, R.J., Culhane, J.L., Davison, P.J.N., and Ives, J.C., (1976), M.N.R.A.S. Google Scholar
Pye, J.P., Cooke, B.A., and Elvis, M., (1976), Nature, 262.Google Scholar
Pye, J.P., and Cooke, B.A., (1976), M.N.R.A.S., In press.Google Scholar
Ryle, M. and Windram, M.D., (1968), M.N.R.A.S., 166, 513.Google Scholar
Scheepmaker, A., Ricker, G., Brecker, K., Ryckman, S.G., Ballintine, J.E., Doty, J.P., , Downey, P.M., and Lewin, U.H.G., (1976), Ap. J., 205, L65.Google Scholar
Schnopper, H., (1976), Paper presented at the meeting of the AAS High Energy Astrophysics Division. January, 1976, Boston.Google Scholar
Tucker, W.H., and Koren, M., (1971), Ap. J., 168, 283.Google Scholar
Ulmer, M., Baity, W., Wheaton, W., and Peterson, L., (1973), Ap. J., 183, 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, R.S., Helava, H., Kifure, T., and Weisskopf, M.C., (1974), Ap. J., 193, L253.Google Scholar
Wolff, R.S., Mitchell, R.J., Charles, P.A., and Culhane, J.L., (1976), Ap. J., 208.Google Scholar
Yahil, A., and Ostriker, J.P., (1973), Ap. J., 185, 787.Google Scholar