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A Manuscript of Tours with an Alcuinian Incipit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 August 2011

Luitpold Wallach
Luitpold Wallach
Affiliation:
State University of New York, Harpur College, Endicott, New York
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Extract

E. K. Rand tentatively ascribed the Paris MS B. N. 4404, s.IX, to the Scriptorium of Tours which he reconstructed in the monumental studies in the Script of Tours. Bruno Krusch offered a detailed description of this manuscript which Theodor Mommsen used for his edition of the Theodosian Code. The MS contains a collection of Roman and Germanic law codes and sources of law. Here we are especially interested in the Lex Romana Visigothorum, also called the Breviarium Alaricianum, and in the Salian and Ripuarian Codes, i.e., sources of law used in the Frankish Empire of Charlemagne. Some capitularies of Charlemagne, issued during and after the year 803, are attached at the end of the MS, which occupies an important place in the much discussed text transmission of the Lex Salica. Turonian provenience of the MS has been denied by Philippe Lauer, Bruno Krusch, Wilhelm Köhler, and C. H. Beeson, but Rand assumes that it deserves a listing among the books of Tours, since its script “seems nearer to that of Tours … and yet … none versed in manuscripts has ascribed the book to Tours.”

Type
Research Article
Information
Harvard Theological Review , Volume 51 , Issue 4 , October 1958 , pp. 255 - 261
Copyright
Copyright © President and Fellows of Harvard College 1958

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References

1 Rand, E. K., A Survey of the Manuscripts of Tours (Cambridge, Mass., 1929), 116 f.Google Scholar, no. 45; cf. pp. 21 and 45. Rand, E. K. and Jones, L. W., The Earliest Book of Tours (Cambridge, Mass., 1934), 86Google Scholar consider Turonian origin for another MS of the Breviarium Alaricianum, the Vatican Reginensis 1128. But Th. Mommsen and P. M. Meyer, Theodosiani Libri XVI, t.II (Berlin, 1905), XLII assign this MS to the tenth, and not to the ninth century.

2 Neue Forschungen über die drei oberdeutschen Leges (Abhandlungen der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, phil.-histor. Klasse, N. F. XX, 1; Berlin, 1927), 180–188.

3 Op. dt., t.II, 1 (Berlin, 1905), LXXI; t.II (1905), XXXVIII.

4 Bruno Krusch, Die Lex Salica (Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen; Berlin, 1934), p. 2.

5 In his review of Rand's first volume (see above note 1) in Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen 193 (1931), 325.

6 Rand, E. K., ‘A supplement on Dodaldus,’ Speculum VI (1931), 591 f.Google Scholar

7 The Incipit is published by Haenel, Gustav, Lex Romana Visigothorum (Leipzig, 1849)Google Scholar, XLIV, no. 4; by Mommsen (above note 3), and by Krusch (above note 2, pp. 181–182).

8 The Phi class of MSS in the Vatican edition of the Vulgate: Biblia Sacra iuxta Latinam Vulgatam Versionem, I ed., Quentin, H. (Rome, 1926), XL.Google Scholar

9 Cf. Ganshof, F. L., ‘La révision de la Bible par Alcuin,’ Bibliothèque d'Humanisme et Renaissance IX (1947), 7–20Google Scholar.

10 Although separately printed by Dümmler, loc. cit., the two versifications form one poem; see the text of the poem printed by Madden, F. after British Museum Add. 10546, s.IX, in The Gentleman's Magazine VI (London, 1836), 472 f.Google Scholar

11 See Biblia Sacra (above note 8), p. 51; MGH, Poetae I, p. 287, no. LXVII, 17.

12 Das Schriftwesen im Mittelalter (3rd ed., Leipzig, 1896), 495.Google Scholar

13 Notae Latinae (Cambridge, England, 1915), 472Google Scholar.

14 G. H. Pertz redraws the monogram in Archiv der Gesellschaft für ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde VII (1839), 734: Audgarius nomen.

15 In MGH, Libri Confraternitatum.

16 Many possibilities are listed by Förstemann, Ernst, Altdeutsches Namenbuch (2nd ed., Bonn, 1900), 193Google Scholar.

17 Alcuin, Epist. 24s, D.396.20 f. (MGH, Epistolae IV) reads in the date line of an edict: ‘DATA … ANTIOCHO ET BASSO CONSULIBUS.’ The name of the second consul also in MS N. See Brev. Alaric. IX, 34, 1 = Codex Theod. IX, 45, 4 ed. Th. Mommsen, t. I, 2 (1905), p. 524, 67–7, and apparatus crilicus ad loc: ‘antiocho et basso conss. N’; the original date line does not read et basso.

18 Alcuin, Epist. 245, D.396.26 reads in the protocol of an edict: ‘Ciciliano’; neither this corrupt reading nor the correct CAECILIANO is found in N. See Mommsen, Cod. Theod. t. I, 2 (1905), p. 442, 1 and apparatus criticus: ‘Caeciliano om. N.’

19 According to Boretius, MGH, Capitularia Regum Francorum, I.

20 See Rand, E. K., ‘How many leaves at a time,’ Palaeographia Latina V, ed. Lindsay, W. M. (St. Andrews University Publications XXIII, 1927), 59Google Scholar.

21 Op. cit. (above note 2), p. 182.

22 See the summary of the present status of research dealing with Tours and the Carolingian minuscule by Foerster, Hans, Abriss der lateinischen Palaeographie (Bern, Switzerland, 1949), 158–176Google Scholar.

23 Karolingische Dichtungen (Berlin, 1888), 46 ff.Google Scholar

24 Rand, E. K., ‘A Preliminary Study of Alcuin's Bible,’ The Harvard Theological Review XXIV (1931), 330Google Scholar no. 31. Cf. L. W. Jones, ibidem XXVIII (1935), 135–179.

25 ‘Alchuine's Bible in the British Museum,’ The Gentleman's Magazine VI (London, 1836), 468–477Google Scholar. On the history of the Vallicellianus see Rais, A., ‘Une mise au point: La Bible de Grandval dite d'Alcuin,’ Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique suisse XXVI (1932), 145–153Google Scholar. Bonifatius Fischer, Die Alkuin Bibel (Aus der Geschichte der lateinischen Bibel 1; Freiburg im Breisgau, 1957) excludes the non-biblical MSS of Tours from his investigation.

26 Biblia Sacra, op. cit., p. 2: W, s.XI: see ibidem, pp. 44–51, Alcuin's shorter and longer prologues to his Bible recension.

27 ‘Bible Mosane où Bible Aquitaine?,’ Scriptorium VI (1952), 93 f.Google Scholar

28 Lex Salica: 100 Titel-Text (Weimar, 1953). pp. 12, 62–65, 76Google Scholar. Buchner, Rudolf, Textkritische Untersuchungen zur Lex Ribvaria (1940; reprinted Stuttgart, 1952), 60 f.Google Scholar, concludes that Paris 4404 is ‘etwas jünger als 814.’ Buchner, in ‘Kleine Untersuchungen zu den fränkischen Stammesrechten,’ Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters IX (1951), 71Google Scholar is not aware of the fact that E. K. Rand (see note 6, above) had changed his mind concerning the provenance of the MS. See further Buchner's note 28, p. 400 in Aus Verfassungs- und Landesgeschichte: Festschrift … Theodor Mayer II (Lindau-Konstanz, 1955), about various datings proposed for the Lex Salica portion of the MS. In the brilliant edition, jointly undertaken by R. Buchner and Franz Beyerle, of the Lex Ribvaria (MGH, Legum Sectio I: Legum Nationum Germanicarum III, 2; Hannover, 1954), Buchner (p. 33 f.) concludes that Paris 4404 belongs to the years 800–814, although he believes that the fact itself cannot be proved.