¹ Cited by Arvin, Newton, The House of Pain, Emerson: A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Konvitz, Milton R. and Whicher, Stephen E. (Englewood CUffs, N.J., 1961), 46f.Google Scholar

² Arvin, 47.

³ Arvin, 47.

⁴ Arvin, 48.

⁵ Whicher, Stephen E., Emerson's Tragic Sense, op. cit., 39.Google Scholar

⁶ Whicher, Stephen E., Freedom and Fate (Philadelphia, 1953), 109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁷ Ibid., 125.

⁸ Ibid., 70.

⁹ Arvin, 50.

¹⁰ Lewis, C. S., The Problem of Pain (New York, 1962), 9.Google Scholar

¹¹ Caponigri, Robert A., Brownson and Emerson: Nature and History, New England Quarterly XVIII (Sept., 1945), 377.Google Scholar

¹² The Journals in Selections from R. W. Emerson, edited by Whicher, Stephen E. (Boston, 1960), 62.Google Scholar All the citations from Emerson are taken from this book unless it is indicated otherwise, and exact page references are given in parentheses in the article immediately after the quotations.

¹³ Journals, April 18, 1824,Google ScholarSelections, 7.

¹⁴ Arvin, 50.

¹⁵ Nature, Selections, 55.

¹⁶ Ibid.

¹⁷ Cited by ARVIN, 56. See Gray, Henry David, Emerson (New York, 1958), 70:Google Scholar “Emerson's philosophy is negative not only in that it goes sufficiently far and with sufficient consistency to show that a rational explanation of the universe is impossible along Transcendental lines, but more positively negative, so to speak, in that it leads inevitably to the conclusion that the final and highest result of such philosophizing is the giving up of philosophy for questions of more practical value.”

¹⁸ Nature, 56.

¹⁹ Cited by Whicher, Stephen, Emerson's Tragic Sense, loc. cit., 42.Google Scholar

²⁰ Ibid., 42

²¹ Ibid., 43.

²² Ibid.

²³ See Pommer, Henry J., Emerson's First Marriage (Carbondale, 111., 1967), 50–81.Google Scholar

²⁴ Journals of Ralph Waldo Emerson, ed. Gilman, W. H. and Ferguson, A. R. (Cambridge, Mass., 1963), III, 226f.Google Scholar

²⁵ Journals, III, 285; see also the entry for March 4, 1831, ibid., 238: “The spring s i wearing into summer and life wearing into death; our friends are forsaking us, our hopes are declining; our mortifications are increasing and is the question settled in our minds, what objects we pursue with undivided aim? Have we fixed ourselves by principles?”

²⁶ Letter to Mary Moody Emerson, Boston, February 8, 1831,Google ScholarThe Letters of Ralph Waldo Emerson, ed. Rusk, Ralph L. (New York, 1939), I, 318.Google Scholar

²⁷ Journals, III, 230f.

²⁸ Cited by Pollock, R. C., A Re-appraisal of Emerson's Thought, Thought XXXII (1957), 104.Google Scholar

²⁹ Cited by Whicher, Stephen, Freedom and Fate, 60.Google Scholar

³⁰ The Letters of R. W. Emerson, I, 321.

³¹ Journals, 259.

³² Literary History of the United States, eds., Spiller, Robert E. et al. (New York, 1963), 365Google Scholar.