^{page 174 note 1} This article is much the poorer for the loss of ‘J. K.'s’ enthusiastic help, yet it could not have been written at all without the inspiration he has always been for me. His brother, Professor G. Wilson Knight, has also given me great encouragement. I have greatly valued the constructive criticism which Mrs. E. M. Hooker has always so kindly and so willingly given. I have freely adopted many of her suggestions.

^{page 174 note 2} Cf. John, , xii. 24.Google Scholar

^{page 174 note 3} SirFrazer, James G., The Golden Bough, 2nd ed. (London, 1900).Google Scholar

^{page 174 note 4} Campbell, Joseph, The Masks of God, vols. i–iii (London, 1960–1965).Google Scholar

^{page 174 note 5} Hor. Odes, iii. 18.

^{page 174 note 6} Eur. Iphigeneia in Aulis, 1551–60.

^{page 174 note 7} Pausanias, i. 43. i; Herodotus, v. 103; Eur. Iphigeneia in Tauris, 34

^{page 174 note 8} Plut. Parallel. 14.

^{page 175 note 1} Eur. Hekabe, 218 ff., 521 ff.; Paus. x. 25. 10; Ovid, Met. xiii. 439 ff.

^{page 175 note 2} Paus. i. 5. 2.

^{page 175 note 3} Euripides, Frag. 350 N²: Erechtheus ap. Lykourg., c. Leocr. ch. 98; Apollodoros, iii. 15. 4; Plut. Mor., p. 310 D, Parallel. 20; Cic. pro Sestio, 48, Tusc. Disp. i. 116 de Nat. Deor. iii. 50.

^{page 175 note 4} Eur. Herakleidai, 406 ff., 488 ff., 500 ff.; Paus. i. 32. 6.

^{page 175 note 5} Plut. Parallel. 20; Clement of Alexandria, Protrept. 37 P.

^{page 175 note 6} Plut. Theseus, 32. 4.

^{page 175 note 7} Livy, , viii. 9.Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 8} Varro, de Lingua Latina, v. 148–156; Livy, , i. 12. 9–10Google Scholar, cf. vii. 6; 1–6. Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. ii. 42. 6; Ovid, Fasti, vi. 403; Plut. Rom. 18. 4; Festus, , p. 49 M., s.v. Curtilacum.Google Scholar

^{page 175 note 9} Plut. Parallel. 5.

^{page 176 note 1} Suet. Augustus, 57.

^{page 176 note 2} Soph. Elektra, 836 ff.; Apollodoros, iii. 6. 8; Dikaiarch. i. 6; Diod. Sic. iv. 65. 8; Paus. i. 34. 2, cf. ix. 8. 3; Cic. de Div. i. 88.

^{page 176 note 3} Plut. Parallel. 6.

^{page 176 note 4} Cook, A. B., Zeus, ii (Cambridge, 1925), p. 1071.Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 5} Eur. Phoinissai, 911, 1090 ff.; Apollodoros, iii. 6. 7.; Paus. ix. 25. 1; Cic. Tusc. Disp. i. 116.

^{page 176 note 6} Plut. Parallel. 18; Velleius Paterculus, i. 2.

^{page 176 note 7} Servius, ad Aen. xii. 119.

^{page 176 note 8} Cf. Onians, R. B., The Origins of European Thought, 2nd ed. (London, 1954), 142, n. 3.Google Scholar

^{page 176 note 9} Diod. Sic. iv. 61.

^{page 176 note 10} Paus. vii. 19. 2 ff.

^{page 177 note 1} See for instance Campbell, Joseph, op. cit., vol. i. 165.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 2} Livy, , xxii. 56Google Scholar; cf. Plut. Q.R. 83.

^{page 177 note 3} Cf. Willetts, R. F., Cretan Cults and Festivals (London, 1962), 150.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 4} Clarke, R. T. Rundle, Myth and Symbol in Ancient Egypt (London, 1959), 97.Google Scholar

^{page 177 note 5} Plut. Isis et Osiris, 27 (361 E) ad fin.

^{page 177 note 6} Plut. Num. 12. 1; Q.R. 23; cf. Dion. Hal. Ant, Rom. iv. 15. 5; Varro, de Lingua Latino, vi. 47.

^{page 177 note 7} Plut. Q.R. 34.

^{page 178 note 1} Servius, ad Aen. ix. 406, assigns round temples to Vesta, Diana, Hercules, and Mercury.

^{page 178 note 2} Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. ii. 66. 3; Servius, ad Aen. ii. 296; Festus, , p. 262Google Scholar M., s.v. Rotundam Aedem.

^{page 178 note 3} Servius, ad Aen. vii. 153, ix. 4.

^{page 178 note 4} Ovid, Fasti, vi. 261 ff.

^{page 178 note 5} See the illustrations in Bloch, R., The Origins of Rome, trans. Shenfield, M. (London, 1960), 67–75Google Scholar, and the corresponding plates. Models of the huts are on view in the museum on the Palatine.

^{page 178 note 6} Knight, W. F. Jackson, Roman Vergil, 2nd ed. (London, 1954), 169.Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 1} von Vacano, O., The Etruscans in the Ancient World, trans. Ogilvie, S. A. (London, 1960), 83.Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 2} Clement of Alexandria, Protrept. 44 P.

^{page 179 note 3} Cic. De Nat. Dear. ii. 67–68.

^{page 179 note 4} Paus. viii. 8. 4, 9. 5.

^{page 179 note 5} Paus. i. 41. 3., 42. 6, 43. 2.

^{page 179 note 6} Clarke, R. F. Rundle, op. cit. 108.Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 7} Harrison, Jane E., Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion, 3rd ed. (London, 1922), 38.Google Scholar

^{page 179 note 8} Plato, Rep. 614 c.

^{page 179 note 9} Paus. ix. 8.

^{page 180 note 1} Paus. i. 27. 3.

^{page 180 note 2} Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. ii. 61. 2, 70. 4–5.

^{page 180 note 3} Antoninus Liberalis, 19.

^{page 180 note 4} Ovid, , Fasti, iii. 143–4Google Scholar; Macrobius, , Sat. i. 12. 6.Google Scholar

^{page 180 note 5} Ovid, Fasti, iii. 698; Plut. Num. 9. 5; Festus, , p. 106Google Scholar M., s.v. ignis. Cf. Virgil, , Aen. vii. 71.Google Scholar

^{page 180 note 6} Festus, loc. cit.

^{page 180 note 7} Plut. Num. 9. 6–7.

^{page 180 note 8} Campbell, Joseph, op. cit., vol. i. 169.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 1} Paus. ix. 18. 4.

^{page 181 note 2} Solinus, v. 23, p. 58, ed. Mommsen.

^{page 181 note 3} Paus. viii. 9. 2.

^{page 181 note 4} Paus. ix. 34. 2.

^{page 181 note 5} Paus. i. 26. 6–7.

^{page 181 note 6} Plut. Q.G. 24; Apul. Met. ii. 24; Schol. ad luv. iii. 214.

^{page 181 note 7} Lindsay, Jack, The Clashing Rocks (London, 1965), 87 with the refs.Google Scholar

^{page 181 note 8} Plut. Q.R. 75.

^{page 181 note 9} Cumont, F., Lux Perpetua (Paris, 1949), 26.Google Scholar

^{page 182 note 1} Childe, V. Gordon, What Happened in History, 2nd ed. (London, 1960), 24.Google Scholar

^{page 182 note 2} Cf. Plut. Camillus, 10. 4. 5, Q.R. 2.

^{page 182 note 3} Cic. de Nat. Deor. i. 103; Plin. N.H. xi. 119; cf. Arist. Gen. An. iii. II.

^{page 182 note 4} Campbell, Joseph, op. cit., vol. i. 169.Google Scholar

^{page 182 note 5} Onians, R. B., op. cit. 547.Google Scholar

^{page 182 note 6} Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. iv. 2. 1–2; Ovid, Fasti, vi. 627 ff.; Plut. de Fort. Rom. 10; Plin. N.H. xxxvi. 204.

^{page 182 note 7} Servius, ad Aen. vii. 678.

^{page 182 note 8} Apollodoros, iii. 14. 6; cf. Aug. Civ. Dei, xviii. 11.

^{page 183 note 1} Servius, ad Aen. viii. 190; Lactantius, Divin. Instit, i. 20 (cf. the Vestal Tarpeia who betrayed her father to Romulus and was honoured with an annual sacrifice, Dion. Hal. Ant. ii. 40. 3).

^{page 183 note 2} Diod. Sic. iv. 34. 6; Apollodoros, i. 5. 1; Ovid, , Met. vii. 451 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 183 note 3} Homeric Hymn, ii. 239 ff.

^{page 183 note 4} Apollodoros, iii. 13. 6.

^{page 183 note 5} Plut. Isis et Osiris, 16.

^{page 183 note 6} Ovid, , Fasti, iii. 137 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 183 note 7} Ogle, M. B., The Laurel in Ancient Religion and Folklore, AJP (1910), 287–311, esp. 298.Google Scholar

^{page 183 note 8} Virgil, Aen. ii. 513–17.

^{page 183 note 9} Virgil, Aen. vii. 59–60.

^{page 183 note 10} Willetts, R. F., op. cit., 217.Google Scholar

^{page 183 note 11} Homeric Hymn, iv. 552 ff.

^{page 183 note 12} Pindar, Pyth. iv. 104 ff.

^{page 183 note 13} Porphyry, , De Antro Nympharum, 18Google Scholar; Aesch. Frag., Loeb ed. 43 (87); Schol. ad Pindar, loc. cit.; Grenfell, B. P. and Hunt, A. S., The Oxyrhynchus Papyri (London, 1922), xv. 155 ff., no. 1802Google Scholar; Lactantius, , Div. Inst. i. 22.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 1} Mylonas, G. E., Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries (London, 1961), 232.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 2} Knight, W. F. Jackson, op. cit. 167–9Google Scholar; Cruttwell, R. W., Virgil's Mind at Work (Oxford, 1946).Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 3} Varro, De Re Rustica, iii. 16; cf. Virgil, Georgics, iv. 34–35.

^{page 184 note 4} Diod. Sic. v. 65.

^{page 184 note 5} Varro, loc. cit.; Plin. N.H. xi. 68; Columella, ix. 8. 10.

^{page 184 note 6} Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. ii. 70.

^{page 184 note 7} Knight, W. F. Jackson, Cumaean Gates (Oxford, 1936), 85–88.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 8} Festus, , s.v. Salios, p. 326 M.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 9} Haarhoff, T. J., ‘The Bees of Vergil’, Greece & Rome (1960), 150–70.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 10} Varro, loc. cit.

^{page 184 note 11} Lindsay, Jack, op. cit. 212.Google Scholar

^{page 184 note 12} Apollodoros, iii. 3. 1; Plin. N.H. xxv. 14; Hyginus, Fab. 136; cf. Lucretius, iii. 892.

^{page 185 note 1} Homer, , Od. xi. 27 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 185 note 2} Harrison, Jane, op. cit., 44.Google Scholar

^{page 185 note 3} Plut. Camillus, 10. 2 ff.

^{page 185 note 4} Cf. Livy, v. 40. 7–8; Ovid, Fasti, vi. 379 ff.; Festus, , p. 69Google Scholar M., s.v. Doliola.

^{page 185 note 5} Varro, de Lingua Latina, v. 157.

^{page 185 note 6} Athenaeus, Deipn. xi. 473 B–C.

^{page 185 note 7} Daremberg et Saglio, Dict, des Antiq., s.v. Dioscuri, p. 255.

^{page 185 note 8} Cook, A. B., Zeus iiGoogle Scholar, Appendix H, 1054 ff., 1064–5.

^{page 185 note 9} SirFrazer, James G. on Pausanias, vol. iv (London, 1913), 433 f.Google Scholar

^{page 186 note 1} Paus. ix. 18. 5.

^{page 186 note 2} Servius, ad Aen. ii. 241; cf. Plautus, Bacchid. 955.

^{page 186 note 3} Bloch, R., op. cit., 76–77.Google Scholar

^{page 186 note 4} Plut. Q.R. 14.

^{page 186 note 5} Plut. Camillus, loc. cit.

^{page 186 note 6} Clement, Protr. iv. 41–42 P.

^{page 186 note 7} Apollodoros, Epitome, v. 10.

^{page 186 note 8} Servius, ad Aen. ii. 166; cf. Plut. O.G. 48.

^{page 186 note 9} Cic. Phil. xi. 24.

^{page 186 note 10} Cic. pro Scauro, 48; Livy, Epitome, xix; Ovid, Fasti, vi. 437 ff.; Plut. Parallel. 17; Plin. N.H. vii. 141.

^{page 186 note 11} Cic. de Nat. Deor. ii. 68.

^{page 186 note 12} Festus, , p. 65 M., s.v. Culina.Google Scholar

^{page 186 note 13} Cook, A. B., in Folklore, 1905, p. 293 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 186 note 14} Servius, ad Aen. v. 64.

^{page 187 note 1} Cic. de Leg. ii. 20.

^{page 187 note 2} Val. Max. iv. 4. 11; Ovid, Fasti, ii. 633 f., vi. 310.

^{page 187 note 3} Varro, De Lingua Latina, vi. 32; Ovid, Fasti, vi. 713; Festus, , pp. 258, 259Google Scholar M., s.v. Quandod stercus delatum fas.

^{page 187 note 4} For a detailed account of these see Hooker, Edna M., ‘The Significance of Numa's Religious Reforms’, Numen (1963), 7–132Google Scholar, esp. 114 ff.

^{page 187 note 5} Cic. pro Fonteio, 46.