¹ Opinion Pursuant to Article 218(11) TFEU, CJEU Case C-2/13 (Dec. 18, 2014), http://curia.europa.eu/ [hereinafter Opinion 2/13]; European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Nov. 4, 1950, 213 U.N.T.S. 222 [hereinafter ECHR].Google Scholar

² This comment is based upon my blog post: Steve Peers, The CJEU and the EU's Accession to the ECHR: A Clear and Present Danger to Human Rights Protection, EU Law Analysis (Dec. 18, 2014), http://eulawanalysis.blogspot.co.uk/2014/12/the-cjeu-and-eus-accession-to-echr.html.Google Scholar

³ Opinion Pursuant to Article 228 EC Treaty, CJEU Case C-2/94, 1996 E.C.R. I-1759.Google Scholar

⁴ Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union art. 6(2), Oct. 26, 2012, 2012 O.J. (C 326) 13 [hereinafter TEU].Google Scholar

⁵ Protocol No. 8 Relating to Art. 6(2) TEU on the Accession of the Union to the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Oct. 26, 2012, 2012 O.J. (C 326) [hereinafter Protocol No. 8]; TEU art. 1.Google Scholar

⁶ TEU art. 1.Google Scholar

⁷ Protocol No. 8; TEU art. 2.Google Scholar

⁸ Protocol No. 8; TEU art. 3; TEU art. 344.Google Scholar

⁹ TEU art. 6(2).Google Scholar

¹⁰ For the text, see Accession of the European Union to the European Convention on Human Rights, Council of Europe, http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/standardsetting/hrpolicy/Accession/default_en.asp (last visited Mar. 8, 2015).Google Scholar

¹¹ Opinion 2/13 at paras. 144–52.Google Scholar

¹² Id. at para. 71.Google Scholar

¹³ Id. at paras. 153–77.Google Scholar

¹⁴ Id. at para. 156.Google Scholar

¹⁵ Id. at para. 158.Google Scholar

¹⁶ Id. at para. 167.Google Scholar

¹⁷ Id. at paras. 179–200.Google Scholar

¹⁸ Melloni v. Ministerio Fiscal, CJEU Case C-399/11, paras. 60–61, 63 (Feb. 26, 2013), http://curia.europa.eu.Google Scholar

¹⁹ Opinion 2/13 at para. 191.Google Scholar

²⁰ See Protocol No. 16 to the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Oct. 2, 2013, C.E.T.S. No. 214 [hereinafter Protocol No. 16]. The Protocol was opened for signature in 2013 and will enter into force after ten ratifications. So far it has been signed by sixteen States, including nine Member States, but no State has ratified it.Google Scholar

²¹ Opinion 2/13 at paras. 201–14.Google Scholar

²² Id. at paras. 215–35.Google Scholar

²³ Id. at paras. 236–38.Google Scholar

²⁴ Id. at paras. 249–57.Google Scholar

²⁵ See id. Google Scholar

²⁶ ECHR art. 47.Google Scholar

²⁷ ECHR art. 57.Google Scholar

²⁸ TEU art. 6.Google Scholar

²⁹ Consolidated Version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union art. 265, May 9, 2008, 2008 O.J. (C 115) 47 [hereinafter TFEU].Google Scholar

³⁰ See View of Advocate General Mengozzi, Segi and Others v. Council, CJEU Case C-355/04 (Feb. 27, 2007), 2007 E.C.R. I-1657.Google Scholar

³¹ Id. Google Scholar

³² Melloni, CJEU Case C-399/11.Google Scholar

³³ Tarakhel v. Switzerland, ECHR App. No. 29217/12 (Nov. 4, 2014), http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/.Google Scholar

³⁴ Abdullahi v. Bundesasylamt, CJEU Case C-394/12 (Dec. 10, 2013), http://curia.europa.eu/.Google Scholar

³⁵ TEU art. 2.Google Scholar

³⁶ Article 344 TFEU only rules out awarding jurisdiction to non-EU courts as regards matters over which the CJEU has jurisdiction. An a contrario interpretation obviously suggests that this is possible where the CJEU does not have any jurisdiction. TFEU art. 344.Google Scholar

³⁷ TEU art. 2.Google Scholar

³⁸ TFEU art. 67(1).Google Scholar

³⁹ TEU art. 6.Google Scholar

⁴⁰ Id. art. 7.Google Scholar

⁴¹ Id. art. 2.Google Scholar

⁴² Id. art. 48.Google Scholar

⁴³ Id. art. 21.Google Scholar

⁴⁴ TFEU art. 67.Google Scholar

⁴⁵ TFEU art. 82.Google Scholar

⁴⁶ Protocol No. 8.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ Id. Google Scholar

⁴⁸ Id. Google Scholar