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VI.—Mr. E. T. Newton on Pterosauria
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
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The paper by Mr. E. T. Newton “ On the Skull of Scaphognathus ” is one of the most important contributions to the morphology of the Pterosauria which has been published. There are a few poii however, which appear to me to need correction or a fuller explanati
1. The “prefontals,” Newton.
When Mr. Newton had the great kindness to show me specimen, which he had worked out with so much skill, I sugges to him that the bones called by him “ prefrontals ” (loc. cit. p. 5 were probably parts of the nasals only. It seems to me qi probable that this view is correct, and I give the following reaso
1. If the “prefrontals,” Newton, represented these bones, t] would have a position different from that in any other form ofMonocondylia, Haeckel, 1866 (Sauropsida, Huxley, 1869). T] would be placed inside of the nasals.
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References
page 171 note 1 Newton, E. T., “ On the Skull, Brain, and Auditory Organ of a New Species of Pterosaurian (Seaphognathus Purdoni), from the Upper Lias near Wnitby, York-shire,” Philos. Trans. Lond. 1888, vol. 179, pp. 303–537, pl. 77–78.Google Scholar
page 172 note 1 I use the name Pterosauria, which was introduced by Kaup in 1834 in the “ Pterosaurii” (Kaup, J. J., “ Versuch einer Eintheilung der Säugethiere in 6 Stän und der Keptilen in 6 Ordnungen,” Isis, 1834, p. 315Google Scholar.
In the same year Carus established the group “ Alata” to contain Pterodact (Carus, Carl Gustav: Lehrbuch der vergleichenden Zootomie, 2 Aufl. Leip: 1834, pt. i 25).
In 1835 de Blainville called those reptiles the Pterodactylia (preoccupied Latreille, 1825, for a “ family of Birds,” Pteroductyli) (H., de Blainville, “ Deseription de quelques espèces de Reptiles de la Californie, précédée de l’analyse dusystè général erpétologie et d’amphibiologie,” Nouv. Ann. du Musée, tome iv. p. 2 Paris, 1835).Google Scholar In the same paper the Ichthyosaurs are separated from the Plesiosai under the names Ichthyosauria and Plesiosauria. These names antedate Iehthyopterygia and Sauropteryijia of Owen by twenty-live years. Ornithosauri used by Fitzinger in 1837 (Ann. Wien Mus. Naturg. 1837, vol. ii. p. 184),Google Scholar i adopted by Bonaparte in 1838 (Nuovi Annali delle Scienze naturali, Hologna, 18 vol. i. pp. 391–397Google Scholar). In 1841 Owen gave the name Pterosauria (Brit. Assoc. R (1840), London, 1841).Google Scholar
page 172 note 2 Hallmann, Eduard, “Die vergleichende Osteologie des Schläfenbeins ” (Hanover 1837), pl. ii. fig. 4.Google Scholar
page 173 note 1 Marsh, O.C., “Principal Characters of American Jurassic Dinosaurs, part vii. On the Diplodocidæ, a new family of the Sauropoda,” Amer. Journ. Sci. vol. xxvii. (02 1884), pl. iii. figs. 1–3.Google Scholar
page 173 note 2 Prof. Fraas considered these parts even as “hyoids,” Palæontographica, vol. XXV.
page 173 note 3 Newton, E. T., “Notes on Pterodactyls,” Proc. Geologists’ Assoc. vol. x. No. 8, 1888Google Scholar.
page 173 note 4 Lydekker, Richard, “Catalogue of the Fossil Eeptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum,” Part i. London, 1888, p. 3Google Scholar.
page 173 note 5 Zittel, Karl A., “Ueber Flugsaurier aus dem lithographischen Schiefer Bayerns,” Palæontographica, vol. xxix. 1882, p. 80.Google Scholar
page 174 note 1 Zittel ought to have written Ornithocephalus (Seepley).
page 174 note 2 Meyer, Hermann v., “Reptilien aus dem lithographischen Schiefer des Jura in Deutschland und Frankreich.” Frankfürt a. M. 1860, p. 141.Google Scholar
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