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V.—Effects of Alternations of Temperature on Terra Cotta Copings set in Cement as an Illustration of a Theory of Mountain Building

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

T. Mellard Reade
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Extract

Elsewhere I have shown that metals under certain conditions when subjected to changes of temperature undergo permanent deformation. Thus sheets of lead ridge up and fold even under the influence of atmospheric changes, as may be seen by the examination of any old lead flats or gutters. The cumulative effect of small but repeated changes of temperature is very striking; and I have used it in illustration of what I conceive to be the true explanation of the ridgings up of the earth's crust called mountain ranges. The examples given of the effects of alternations of temperature are mostly in metals, but I have also shown that other materials not ductile are affected in the same way. in a lesser degree.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , January 1888 , pp. 26 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1888

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References

page 26 note 1 Origin of Mountain Ranges, chap. iii. and iv.

page 26 note 2 I am indebted to Mr. F. Archer tor first calling my attention to it.

page 27 note 1 In order to ascertain precisely whether any alteration of length does take placeincement, I had a har made composed of one of best Portland cement to one of fine sand.inthis bar were fixed brass studs for measuring purposes. On Sept. 1st, three weeks after it was made, the bar measured 16–136 inches between the studs. On Nov. 6th it measured 16–122 inches, showing a shrinkage of 0.014 of an inch, and the contraction has not yet ceased.

page 27 note 2 Since this was written I have observed several cases in which the end brickwork and piers have been badly fractured by the force of expansion.