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U–Pb zircon age dating of diamond-bearing gneiss from Fjørtoft reveals repeated burial of the Baltoscandian margin during the Caledonian Orogeny

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2019

Katarzyna Walczak Open the ORCID record for Katarzyna Walczak [Opens in a new window] ,
Simon Cuthbert Open the ORCID record for Simon Cuthbert [Opens in a new window] ,
Ellen Kooijman Open the ORCID record for Ellen Kooijman [Opens in a new window] ,
Jarosław Majka Open the ORCID record for Jarosław Majka [Opens in a new window]  and
Matthijs A. Smit Open the ORCID record for Matthijs A. Smit [Opens in a new window]
Katarzyna Walczak*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Simon Cuthbert
Affiliation:
School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United Kingdom
Ellen Kooijman
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
Jarosław Majka
Affiliation:
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
Matthijs A. Smit
Affiliation:
Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
*
*Author for correspondence: Katarzyna Walczak, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

The first find of microdiamond in the Nordøyane ultra-high-pressure (UHP) domain of the Western Gneiss Region (WGR) of the Scandinavian Caledonides reshaped tectonic models for the region. Nevertheless, in spite of much progress regarding the meaning and significance of this find, the history of rock that the diamonds were found in is complex and still largely ambiguous. To investigate this, we report U–Pb zircon ages obtained from the exact crushed sample material in which metamorphic diamond was first found. The grains exhibit complicated internal zoning with distinct detrital cores overgrown by metamorphic rims. The cores yielded a range of ages from the Archaean to the late Neoproterozoic / early Cambrian. This detrital zircon age spectrum is broadly similar to detrital signatures recorded by metasedimentary rocks of the Lower and Middle allochthons elsewhere within the orogen. Thus, our dating results support the previously proposed affinity of the studied gneiss to the Seve–Blåhø Nappe of the Middle Allochthon. Metamorphic rims yielded a well-defined peak at 447 ± 2 Ma and a broad population that ranges between c. 437 and 423 Ma. The data reveal a prolonged metamorphic history of the Fjørtoft gneiss that is far more complex then would be expected for a UHP rock that has seen a single burial and exhumation cycle. The data are consistent with a model involving multiple such cycles, which would provide renewed support for the dunk tectonics model that has been postulated for the region.

Keywords

geochronologyultra-high-pressure metamorphismWestern Gneiss Region
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 11 , November 2019 , pp. 1949 - 1964
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

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