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Metamorphic evolution of the Sittampundi Layered Complex, India, during the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary: insight from pseudosection modelling and zircon U–Pb SHRIMP geochronology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

Amitava Chatterjee Open the ORCID record for Amitava Chatterjee [Opens in a new window] ,
Chang Whan Oh ,
Byung Choon Lee ,
Kaushik Das Open the ORCID record for Kaushik Das [Opens in a new window]  and
Hiroshi Hidaka
Amitava Chatterjee
Affiliation:
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Chang Whan Oh*
Affiliation:
Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
Byung Choon Lee
Affiliation:
Geology Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon34132, Republic of Korea
Kaushik Das
Affiliation:
Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan Hiroshima Institute of Plate Convergence Region Research, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan
Hiroshi Hidaka
Affiliation:
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Chang Whan Oh, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

In the Palghat–Cauvery Shear/Suture Zone of the Southern Granulite Terrane, the Sittampundi Layered Complex occurs as a mappable unit. The Sittampundi Layered Complex consists of mafic, ultramafic and anorthositic rocks with chromitite layers and has been interpreted as an arc/ophiolite complex that formed in an Archaean suprasubduction zone arc setting. In the Sittampundi Layered Complex, reddish-black metabasites occur as layers or boudins with a rim of amphibolite within anorthosite. The peak metamorphic assemblage of the metabasites is garnet + clinopyroxene + quartz + rutile ± plagioclase ± orthopyroxene, and symplectite consisting of amphibole and plagioclase formed around the garnet during retrograde metamorphism. The protolith of metabasite may have intruded in a suprasubduction zone arc setting during the late Neoarchaean (c. 2540–2520 Ma), and then underwent high-pressure granulite-facies peak metamorphism (900–800 °C and 11–14 kbar) in the early Palaeoproterozoic (c. 2460–2440 Ma), followed by amphibolite-facies metamorphism (550–480 °C and 5.5–4.5 kbar) in the middle Palaeoproterozoic (c. 1900–1850 Ma). The results obtained in this study, together with previous studies, indicate that: (1) the high-pressure granulite-facies metamorphism in the study area indicates that subduction occurred during the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary with a higher apparent average geothermal gradient (∼20–16 °C km−1) than the modern-day Earth, and (2) the apparent average geothermal gradient of the subduction zone was ∼29–14 °C km−1 during the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary, which was still too high to enter the realm of eclogite-facies metamorphism.

Keywords

Sittampundi Layered Complexhigh-pressure granulite-facies metamorphismpseudosectionzircon U–Pb SHRIMPArchaean–Proterozoic boundary
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 159 , Issue 8 , August 2022 , pp. 1355 - 1383
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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