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IX.—The Characteristics of British Earthquakes: A Summary of Twenty-one Years' Work
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
Extract
For a detailed study of the earthquakes of any district, an interval of twenty-one years is too brief. Long-period variations of frequency cannot be established. We can form no satisfactory conception of the distribution of seismic energy in space, for some foci may lie inactive for a much longer time, while others may continue in operation without apparent change. But, to ascertain the characteristic features of the earthquakes, to investigate their relations with those which precede and follow them, or to trace their connexion with the structure of the central districts, such an interval is possibly of sufficient length. In any case, the defects resulting from its brevity may be partly compensated by uniformity in treatment and in the methods of investigation.
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References
page 412 note 1 The disturbed area is an unsatisfactory test, for the Pembroke earthquake of 1893 was felt over a larger area than the stronger shock of 1892, and the Derby earthquake of 1904 than the stronger earthquake of 1903.
page 412 note 2 The strong earthquakes are those of Pembroke in 1892 and 1893, Hereford in 1896, Inverness in 1901, Derby in 1903 and 1904, Carnarvon in 1903, Doncaster in 1905, and Swansea in 1906. The moderate earthquakes are those of Bolton in 1889, Inverness in 1890, Leicester in 1893, Carlisle in 1901, Strontian in 1902, Derby in 1906, and Oban in 1907.
page 412 note 3 Phil. Trans., 1893 A, pp. 1108–15; Boll. della Soc. Sismol. Ital., vol. iv, 1898, pp. 89–100.Google Scholar
page 414 note 1 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxi, 1905, pp. 18–33.Google Scholar
page 416 note 1 The slight decrease in the two outer zones is probably due to the comparative uniformity in the intensity of the sound at great distances.
page 418 note 1 The earthquakes omitted are the 41 shocks felt in Glen Garry from 1889 to 1899, 2 shocks near Tadcaster in 1890, 5 in Pembrokeshire in 1893, 3 in Annaudale in 1894 and 1896, and 1 near Beddgelert in 1904.
page 418 note 2 Gerland's, Beitrage zur Geophysik, vol. ix, 1908, p. 224.Google Scholar
page 419 note 1 In determining the average for the second sub-class, a large number of very slight shocks were unavoidably omitted; their inclusion would, of course, lower the average considerably.