^{page 574 note 1} In the President's Address to the Geologists' Association, Nov. 7th, 1873, Mr. H. Woodward, F.R S., has objected to the theory of subsidence being the result of accumulation, on the grounds that if in the Bay of Bengal (where, by the artesian borings made in the Delta of the Ganges, the land has been proved to have sunk to the depth of 481 feet and upwards) the sediment deposited has power by gravitation to thus depress the ocean-bed, much more ought the solid mass of the Himalayan range, with its innumerable and lofty peaks, to sink into the yielding crust beneath (Geol. Mag. 1873). But the areas out of which the Himalayas have been sculptured have, from the commencement of their present denudation, been sustained above the sea-level, and the weight to be supported has diminished, as particle after particle has been removed, the peaks and valleys registering a portion, but by no means the greater amount, of the denudation the mass has undergone; so that the Himalayas, in consequence of the great amount of denudation to which they have been subjected, will not press with so great a weight upon the fluid substratum. But if the sediment brought down by the Ganges and Brahmapootra has caused, by its weight that subsidence which has taken place in the Bay of Bengal, it necessarily follows that the area, forming and supporting these mountains, must rise in accordance with the amount of material removed.

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