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II.—On the Occurrence of Siliceous Nodular Brown Hæmatite (Göthite), in the Carboniferous Limestone Beds near Cooks-town, Co. Tyrone; and Note on its Formation by Chemical Alteration from Ordinary Clay-ironstone. With Analysis1
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
Extract
The ore which is the subject of this paper occurs in rather an uncommon manner; its existence, however, has been known for a very considerable period, and it is said to have been worked at least 250 years ago. I believe it is this that is referred to in Dr. Boate's quaint work,“Ireland's Naturell History,” as being found “by the side of the rivulet Lishan, not far from Lough Neagh,”—although he classes it with the ordinary clay-ironstones, which it certainly does not resemble either in composition or appearance.
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Footnotes
1
Read before the Royal Geological Society of Ireland, May 14th, 1873.
References
page 395 note 2 Published in 1652.
page 396 note 1 It is also referred to by Sir Richard Griffith in his Catalogue of Fossil and Mining Localities, Journ. Geol. Soc. Dublin, vol. ix., and its position marked on his Map; and it is mentioned in Portlock's “Geological Report on Londonderry,” etc.; but, so far as I am aware, has never been described before.
page 397 note * I found even better specimens, in appearance, in the thin shale-beds.
page 397 note † Soluble silica, together with the insoluble residue, containing a little alumina.
page 397 note ‡ Manual of Geology (Jukes and Geikie), p. 63.
page 398 note 1 Iron Ores of Great Britain, part i. p. 14, W. W. Smyth (Mems. Geol. Suev. of Gt. Brit.).
page 398 note 2 Iron Ores of Great Britain, part i. pp. 14–17.
page 398 note 3 Op cit. pp. 20–23.
page 398 note 4 Memoirs Geol. Surv. Great Britain, vol. i. pp. 128–130.
page 398 note 5 Bauerman's Metallurgy of Iron, p. 76. Contains very little alumina, but much silica.
page 399 note 1 “Industrial Resources of Ireland,” p. 129.
page 399 note * See Bischof's Chen. Geol., vol. ii. pp. 59 and 61. A similar re-action is given in Vol. i. p. 2, solid silicate of lime in water containing carbonic acid gives carbonate of lime and free silica. The equation is my own—
page 399 note † Bischof's of Chem.Geol., vol. ii. p. 68.
page 399 note ‡ This formula is merely intended to represent graphically what might take place, but by no means to assert the constitution of the body formed.
page 399 note § Also by alkaline carbonates, by which the silica as well would be removed.
page 400 note 1 Bischof's Chem. Geol., vol. ii. p. 66.
page 400 note 2 They contain reed-like plants, still retaining the woody tissue.
page 402 note 1 The appearance of clay-ironstones which have been exposed to the weather for a long period is very different from that of any of these; and the thin crust of very incoherent oxide is more, highly hydrated, its composition being Fe4H6O9.—Manual of Geology (Jukes rad Geikie), pp. 15 and 23.