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Eocene development of the northerly active continental margin of the Southern Neotethys in the Kyrenia Range, north Cyprus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2013

ALASTAIR H.F. ROBERTSON ,
GILLIAN A. McCAY ,
KEMAL TASLI  and
AŞEGÜL YILDIZ
ALASTAIR H.F. ROBERTSON*
Affiliation:
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
GILLIAN A. McCAY
Affiliation:
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK
KEMAL TASLI
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
AŞEGÜL YILDIZ
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Engineering, Aksaray University, Aksaray 68100, Turkey
*
†Author for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

We focus on an active continental margin related to northwards subduction during the Eocene in which sedimentary melange (‘olistostromes’) forms a key component. Maastrichtian – Early Eocene deep-marine carbonates and volcanic rocks pass gradationally upwards into a thick succession (<800 m) of gravity deposits, exposed in several thrust sheets. The lowest levels are mainly siliciclastic turbidites and debris-flow deposits. Interbedded marls contain Middle Eocene planktonic/benthic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils. Sandstones include abundant ophiolite-derived grains. The higher levels are chaotic debris-flow deposits that include exotic blocks of Late Palaeozoic – Mesozoic neritic limestone and dismembered ophiolite-related rocks. A thinner sequence (<200 m) in one area contains abundant redeposited Paleogene pelagic limestone and basalt. Chemical analysis of basaltic clasts shows that some are subduction influenced. Basaltic clasts from unconformably overlying alluvial conglomerates (Late Eocene – Oligocene) indicate derivation from a supra-subduction zone ophiolite, including boninites. Taking account of regional comparisons, the sedimentary melange is interpreted to have formed within a flexurally controlled foredeep, floored by continental crust. Gravity flows including large limestone blocks, multiple debris flows and turbidites were emplaced, followed by southwards thrust imbrication. The emplacement was possibly triggered by the final closure of an oceanic basin to the north (Alanya Ocean). Further convergence between the African and Eurasian plates was accommodated by northwards subduction beneath the Kyrenia active continental margin. Subduction zone rollback may have triggered collapse of the active continental margin. Non-marine to shallow-marine alluvial fans prograded southwards during Late Eocene – Oligocene time, marking the base of a renewed depositional cycle that lasted until latest Miocene time.

Keywords

sedimentary melangeolistostromeeasternmost MediterraneanEoceneactive continental margin
Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 151 , Issue 4 , July 2014 , pp. 692 - 731
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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Supplementary material: File

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