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Deformation partitioning in mountain belts: insights from analogue modelling experiments and the Taiwan collisional orogen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2019

Jacques Malavieille Open the ORCID record for Jacques Malavieille [Opens in a new window] ,
Stephane Dominguez ,
Chia-Yu Lu ,
Chih-Tung Chen Open the ORCID record for Chih-Tung Chen [Opens in a new window]  and
Elena Konstantinovskaya
Jacques Malavieille*
Affiliation:
Géosciences Montpellier, CNRS-Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France LIA D3E, CNRS–MoST France–Taiwan International Laboratory, France, Taiwan, ROC
Stephane Dominguez
Affiliation:
Géosciences Montpellier, CNRS-Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France LIA D3E, CNRS–MoST France–Taiwan International Laboratory, France, Taiwan, ROC
Chia-Yu Lu
Affiliation:
LIA D3E, CNRS–MoST France–Taiwan International Laboratory, France, Taiwan, ROC Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Integrated Petroleum Geosciences, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, 1–26 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Chih-Tung Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Road, Zhongli, Taiwan, ROC
Elena Konstantinovskaya
Affiliation:
Integrated Petroleum Geosciences, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, 1–26 Earth Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Jacques Malavieille, Emails: [email protected]; [email protected]
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Abstract

Many orogens on the planet result from plate convergence involving subduction of a continental margin. The lithosphere is strongly deformed during mountain building involving subduction of a plate composed generally of accreted continental margin units and some fragments of downgoing oceanic crust and mantle. A complex deformation involving strong partitioning of deformation modes and kinematics produces crustal shortening, accompanied by crustal thickening. Partitioning depends on three main factors: (1) rheologic layering of the lithosphere; (2) interaction between tectonics and surface processes; (3) subduction kinematics and 3D geometry of continental margins (oblique convergence, shape of indenters). Here we present an original view and discussion on the impact of deformation partitioning on the structure and evolution of orogens by examining the Taiwan mountain belt as a case study. Major unsolved questions are addressed through geological observations from the Taiwan orogen and insights from analogue models integrating surface processes. Some of these questions include: What is the role played by décollements or weak zones in crustal deformation and what is the impact of structural heterogeneities inherited from the early extensional history of a rifted passive continental margin? What is the relationship between deep underplating, induced uplift and flow of crustal material during erosion (finite strain evolution during wedge growth)? Are syn-convergent normal faults an effect of deformation partitioning and erosion? What is the role of strain partitioning on the location of major seismogenic faults in active mountain belts? What can be learned about the long-term and the present-day evolution of Taiwan?

Keywords

orogenesisdeformation partitioninganalogue modellingtectonicssurface processesTaiwan belt
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 158 , Special Issue 1: Subduction zone processes and crustal growth mechanisms at Pacific-Rim continental margins: modern and ancient analogues , January 2021 , pp. 84 - 103
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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