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V.—An Ancient Glacial Shore

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Extract

In a cutting of the Seacombe Branch of the Wirral Railway at the present moment is to be seen a deposit which cannot be other than a glacial shore. It is about 18 inches thick, covered by a bed of Boulder-clay some 8 feet thick, and has been exposed by the cutting for a distance of 16 chains running south-east and north-west, to the south-east of the point of intersection of the Railway with Poulton Road. The rise is 16 feet in this distance at a regular up-grade towards Poultou Road, and the average level about 60 feet above O.D. Transversely to the Railway it is about level, and over the whole of the area—1056 feet by 30 feet=3520 superficial yards—the deposit occurred and was excavated by the steam navvy. The bed is composed of pretty clean sand with some small gravel, and is crowded with shell fragmentsinall stages of decay. It is precisely like a modern beachinconstitution, extent and slope, but what renders the fact more certain is the great quantity of clay balls or boulders mixed with the sand. These balls are covered over their surface with small gravel, shells and sand, picked up as they rolled about on the beach, just like the mud balls we find on the shore at Crosby at the present day. On being cut into with a knife these clay balls are seen to be formed of ordinary compact brown Boulder-clay, and they are pretty hard. The contractor, Mr. Davies, who is much interested in the geology of the cutting, tells me that these clay balls are found all over the area in great profusion, and as far as I tested the bed, which I did in at least half-a-dozen places, I found the statement correct. He also informed me that the bed is underlain by silt, but it has not been tested more than a few feet deep. I picked up and brought away about twenty clay balls varyinginsize from 3 inches down to ¾ inch diameter, some of them being spherical and others ellipsoidal inform.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1894

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References

page 75 note 1 Le Hon, H., “Prélim. Mem. Poiss. Tert. Belg.” (1871), p. 6, with figure.Google Scholar

page 75 note 2 Lawley, R., “Nuovi Studi Pesci, etc., Colline Toscane” (1876), p. 31.Google Scholar

page 75 note 3 R.Lawley, ibid, and “Studi Comp. Pesci foss. coi viv. generi Carcharodon Oxyrhina, e Galeocerdo”; (1881), p. 112, pi. iv. (Oxyrhina), fig. 2.

page 75 note 4 Agassiz, L., “Rech. Poiss. Foss.” vol. iii. (1843), p. 283, pi. xxxvii. fig. 16.Google Scholar

page 75 note 5 Op. cit. 1881, pi. iv. (Oxyrhina), fig. 2.Google Scholar

page 75 note 6 I am indebted to Mr. Henry Beasley, the Hon. Sec. of the Liverpool Geological Society, for calling my attention to this interesting bed.

page 76 note 1 See “On Boulders of Clay from the Drift” by Binney, E. W., Proc. Lit. and Phil. Soc. of Manchester, 1879, p. 40.Google Scholar