Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T15:41:30.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A new xandarellid euarthropod from the Cambrian Chengjiang biota, Yunnan Province, China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2018

Xianguang Hou ,
Mark Williams ,
Robert Sansom ,
Derek J. Siveter ,
David J. Siveter ,
Sarah Gabbott ,
Thomas H. P. Harvey ,
Peiyun Cong  and
Yu Liu
Xianguang Hou
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
Mark Williams
Affiliation:
School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Robert Sansom
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PT, UK
Derek J. Siveter
Affiliation:
Earth Collections, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK
David J. Siveter
Affiliation:
School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Sarah Gabbott
Affiliation:
School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Thomas H. P. Harvey
Affiliation:
School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Peiyun Cong
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
Yu Liu*
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
*
Author for correspondence: Yu Liu, Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The euarthropod Luohuilinella deletres sp. nov. is described from rare material from the Chengjiang biota, Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3, of Yunnan Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis recovers a xandarellid affinity for L. deletres, representing only the fifth described species of this clade. L. deletres possesses a head shield that is about one-fifth of the total body length and a trunk with 30 tergites, the reduced anterior-most tergite and terminal three tergites lacking pleural elongations. Anteriorly situated notches in the head shield are associated with stalked eyes, in contrast to the more posterior, enclosed eye slits present in Xandarella. Posterior to the antennae there are at least 11 pairs of biramous appendages preserved, including three pairs in the head. The morphology of the midline gut of L. deletres, in which lateral, unbranched diverticula are wider towards the front of the body, is a characteristic also found in various trilobites. The dorsoventrally flattened exoskeleton suggests a benthic or nektobenthic mode of life for L. deletres, as for other trilobitomorphs, and it likely used its well-developed anteriorly positioned eyes for searching out food, either to scavenge or to find prey.

Keywords

CambrianChengjiang biotaarthropod phylogenytrilobitomorphXandarellida
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 8 , August 2019 , pp. 1375 - 1384
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Chatterton, BDE, Johanson, Z and Sutherland, G (1994) Form of the trilobite digestive system: alimentary structures in Pterocephalia. Journal of Paleontology 68, 294–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, J-Y, Zhou, G-Q, Zhu, M-Y and Yeh, K-Y (1996) The Chengjiang Biota. A Unique Window of the Cambrian Explosion. Taichung, Taiwan: National Museum of Natural Science, 222 pp. (in Chinese).Google Scholar
Gabbott, SE, Hou, X-G, Norry, MJ and Siveter, DJ (2004) Preservation of early Cambrian animals of the Chengjiang biota. Geology 32, 901–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goloboff, PA, Carpenter, JM, Arias, JS and Miranda, Esquivel DR (2008a) Weighting against homoplasy improves phylogenetic analysis of morphological data sets. Cladistics 24, 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goloboff, PA, Farris, JS and Nixon, KC (2008b) TNT, a free program for phylogenetic analysis. Cladistics 24, 774–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goloboff, PA, Torres, A and Aria, JS (2017) Weighted parsimony outperforms other methods of phylogenetic inference under models appropriate for morphology. Cladistics 34, 407–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez-Marco, JC, García-Bellido, DC, Rábano, I and Sá, AA (2017) Digestive and appendicular soft-parts, with behavioural implications, in a large Ordovician trilobite from the Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco. Scientific Reports 7, 39728. doi: 10.1038/srep39728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hou, X-G and Bergstrom, J (1997) Arthropods of the lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, southwest China. Fossils and Strata 45, 1–116.Google Scholar
Hou, X-G, Ramsköld, L and Bergström, J (1991) Composition and preservation of the Chengjiang fauna – a Lower Cambrian soft-bodied biota. Zoologica Scripta 20, 395–411.Google Scholar
Hou, X-G, Siveter, DJ, Siveter, DJ, Aldridge, RJ, Cong, P-Y, Gabbott, SE, Ma, X-Y, Purnell, M and Williams, M (2017) The Cambrian Fossils of Chengjiang, China: The Flowering of Early Animal Life. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 328 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hou, X-G, Williams, M, Gabbott, S, Siveter, DJ, Siveter, DJ, Cong, P-Y, Ma, X-Y and Sansom, R (2016) A new species of the artiopodan arthropod Acanthomeridion from the lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, China, and the phylogenetic significance of the genus. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 15, 733–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lankester, ER (1904) The structure and classification of Arthropoda. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 47, 523–82.Google Scholar
Lerosey-Aubril, R, Hegna, TA, Kier, C, Bonino, E, Habersetzer, J and Carré, M (2012) Controls on gut phosphatisation: the trilobites from the Weeks Formation Lagerstätte (Cambrian; Utah). PLoS ONE 7, e32934. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lerosey-Aubril, R, Paterson, JR, Gibb, S and Chatterton, BDE (2017) Exceptionally-preserved late Cambrian fossils from the McKay Group (British Columbia, Canada) and the evolution of tagmosis in aglaspidid arthropods. Gondwana Research 42, 264–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Reilly, J, Puttick, MN, Parry, LA, Tanner, A, Tarver, JE, Fleming, J, Pisani, D and Donoghue, PCJ (2016) Bayesian methods outperform parsimony methods but at the expense of precision in the estimation of phylogeny from discrete morphological data. Biology Letters 12, 20160081. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0081.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ortega-Hernández, J, Azizi, A, Hearing, TW, Harvey, THP, Edgecombe, GD, Hafid, A and El Hariri, K (2017) A xandarellid artiopodan from Morocco – a middle Cambrian link between soft-bodied euarthropod communities in North Africa and South China. Scientific Reports 7, 42616. doi: 10.1038/srep42616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ortega-Hernández, J, Legg, DA and Braddy, SJ (2013) The phylogeny of aglaspidid arthropods and the internal relationships within Artiopoda. Cladistics 29, 15–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramsköld, L, Chen, J-Y, Edgecombe, GD and Zhou, G-Q (1997) Cindarella and the arachnate clade Xandarellida (Arthropoda, Early Cambrian) from China. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 88, 19–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ronquist, F, Teslenko, M, Van der Mark, P, Ayres, DL, Darling, A, Höhna, S, Larget, B, Liu, L, Suchard, MA and Huelsenbeck, JP (2011) MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology 61, 539–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schoenemann, B (2006) Cambrian view. Palaeoworld 15, 307–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siveter, DJ, Briggs, DEG, Siveter, DJ, Sutton, MD and Legg, D (2017) A new crustacean from the Herefordshire (Silurian) Lagerstätte, UK, and its significance in malacostracan evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society London B284, 2017029. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0279.Google Scholar
Siveter, DJ, Briggs, DEG, Siveter, DJ, Sutton, MD, Legg, D and Joomun, SC (2014) A Silurian short-great-appendage arthropod. Proceedings of the Royal Society London B281, 20132986. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2013.2986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strausfeld, NJ, Ma, X-Y, Edgecombe, GD, Fortey, RA, Land, MF, Liu, Y, Cong, P-Y and Hou, X-G (2016) Arthropod eyes: the early Cambrian fossil record and divergent evolution of visual systems. Arthropod Structure & Development 45, 152–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vannier, J, Liu, J, Lerosey-Aubril, R, Vinther, J and Daley, A (2014) Sophisticated digestive systems in early arthropods. Nature Communications 5, 3641. doi: 10.1038/ncomms3641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wolfe, JM (2017) Metamorphosis is ancestral for crown euarthropods, and evolved in the Cambrian of earlier. Integrative and Comparative Biology 57, 499–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wright, AM and Hillis, DM (2014) Bayesian analysis using a simple likelihood model outperforms parsimony for estimation of phylogeny from discrete morphological data. PLoS ONE 9, e109210. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, X-L, Fu, D-L and Dai, T (2012) A new xandarellid arthropod from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte, Lower Cambrian of southwest China. Geobios 45, 335–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, F-C, Bottjer, DJ, Hu, S-X, Yin, Z-J and Zhu, M-Y (2013) Complexity and diversity of eyes in Early Cambrian ecosystems. Scientific Reports 3, 2751. doi: 10.1038/srep02751.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhu, M-Y, Babcock, LE and Steiner, M (2005) Fossilization modes in the Chengjiang Lagerstätte (Cambrian of China); testing the roles of organic preservation and diagenetic alteration in exceptional preservation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 220, 31–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Hou et al. supplementary material

Hou et al. supplementary material 1

Download Hou et al. supplementary material(File)
File 530.6 KB