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IV.—The Ice Age in England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Nils Olof Holst
Nils Olof Holst
Affiliation:
(late of the Geological Survey of Sweden)
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Extract

In the preceding paragraphs it has been shown that, after the inland ice had attained its southernmost limit and had spent its force, there commenced in Southern England the last of many stages of land depression. This carried with it a complete reversal: the temperature was raised, the periphery of the inland ice melted, its pressure was lessened, and a rapid rise of the land—the Mousterian elevation—introduced a great rise, to which the origin of the submerged forests bears witness. Nevertheless, the greatest part of the land depression persisted even after Mousterian time, and this explains the continuance of the melting and its increased rapidity, as well as the rapid northward withdrawal of the inland ice, which we shall soon consider.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 2 , Issue 11 , November 1915 , pp. 504 - 513
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1915

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References

page 505 note 1 Scharff, R. F., 1907. European Animals, London, pp. 45–7.Google Scholar

page 505 note 2 Déchelette, J., 1908. Manuel d'archéologie, i, see p. 127 (Aurignacian fauna) and p. 134 (Solutrian fauna). Cf. p. 93 (Mousterian fauna).Google Scholar

page 505 note 3 Weber, C. A., 1896. “Ueber die fossile Flora von Honerdingen und das nordwest-deutsche Diluvium”: Abh. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, Bd. 13, pp. 413–68.Google Scholar

page 506 note 1 I feel that I cannot be very hard on this mistake, since a little more than ten years ago I fell into a similar error in applying the terms ‘late-glacial’ and ‘post-glacial’ to some North German and Danish deposits, although they were so only locally and in reality are Intermediate. But that point of view was at that time only subsidiary to the main object, namely, to show that they could not be ‘interglacial’. Holst, N. O., 1904. “Kvartärstudier i Danmark och norra Tyskland”: Geol. Fören. Stockholm Förh., Bd. 26, pp. 433–52.Google Scholar

page 506 note 2 This oscillation has long been well known from Kuhgrund, quite close to the town of Lauenburg, and is there fairly clear. It may therefore be appropriately called “the Kuhgrund oscillation”.

page 507 note 1 (a) Mello, J. M., 1875. “On some Bone-caves in Creswell Crags”: Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 31, pp. 679–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

(b) Mello, J. M., 1876. “The Bone-caves of Creswell Crags”: idem, vol. 32, pp. 240–4.Google Scholar

(c) Dawkins, W. Boyd, 1876. “On the Mammalia and Traces of Man found in the Robin Hood Cave”: tom. cit., pp. 245–58.Google Scholar

(d) Mello, J. M., 1877. “The Bone-caves of Creswell Crags”: idem, vol. 33, pp. 579–88.Google Scholar

(e) Dawkins, W. Boyd, 1877. “On the Mammal Fauna of the Caves of Creswell Crags”: tom. cit., pp. 589–612.Google Scholar

(f) Dawkins, W. Boyd & Mello, J. M., 1879. “Further Discoveries in the Cresswell Caves”: idem, vol. 35, pp. 724–34.Google Scholar

(g) Heath, Thos., 1879. An Abstract Description and History of the Bone-caves of Creswell Crags ; 8vo, 17 pp., Derby.Google Scholar

(h) Heath, T., 1880. Creswell Caves v. Professor Boyd Dawkins; 8vo, Derby.Google Scholar

page 508 note 1 Dawkins (Early Man in Britain, 1880, p. 180) states that the caves at Creswell Crags yielded “implements of flint and quartzite amounting to not less than 1100”. These are said to be preserved in the Manchester Museum. Of these barely a score have as yet been figured. The finds of the Cresswell caves are, however, of such great scientific importance that they deserve from archæologists a renewed and more detailed investigation than was possible in the seventies.

page 508 note 2 Dawkins, W. Boyd, 1880. Early Man in Britain, p. 192.Google Scholar

page 509 note 1 Hicks, H., 1886. “Results of Recent Researches in some Bone-caves in North Wales (Ffynnon Beuno and Cae Gwyn)”: Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 42, pp. 3–17, see pp. 9, 11, figs. 5, 9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 509 note 2 Hicks, H., 1888. “On the Cae Gwyn Cave, etc.”: Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 44, pp. 561–77, see p. 563, fig. 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 510 note 1 Dawkins, W. Boyd, 1874. Cave Hunting, pp. 123–4. The italics are mine.Google Scholar

page 510 note 2 The mammoth skeleton which was found a few years ago at Borna, near Leipzig, together with Arctic plant-remains, belongs to the older part of the Intermediate zone.

page 511 note 1 , Holst, 1904. vartärstudier, etc., pp. 433–9.Google Scholar

page 512 note 1 Ussing, N. V., 1913. Danmarks Geologi, København, see pp. 327–8.Google Scholar