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II.—The Ice Age in England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Nils Olof Holst
Affiliation:
(late of the Geological Survey of Sweden)

Extract

After the little survey of the pluvial epoch contained in thepreceding section we may turn our attention again to England.In the Thames Valley at Swanscombe (Barnfield pit) there is foundbeneath the deposits which yield early Chellean implements a yetolder layer which does not contain any implements.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1915

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References

page 434 note 1 Elephas primigenius, which is quoted as occurring in Barnfield pit, is really E. antiquus, the elephant characteristic of Chellean deposits

page 434 note 2 The statement that this molluse is also found at Crayford depends upon an erroneous determination.

page 435 note 1 Kennard, A.S. & Woodward, B.B., 1905. “The Extinct Postpliocene Non-marine Mollusca of the South of England”: S. E. Nat., 1905, pp. 1424.Google Scholar

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Since this paper was written the author has visited the well-known locality Rickmansworth. At the bottom of the old river-gravel, 18–19 feet thick and only a few inches above the Chalk, are here found Chellean, Acheulian, and early, primitive Mousterian, all pre-glacial. This is therefore a new locality for “Mousterian with warm fauna”.

page 436 note 4 Warren, S.H., 1912. “On a Late Glacial Stage in the Valley of the River Lea, subsequent to the epoch of river-drift man”: Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 68, pp. 213–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 436 note 5 Here and in the following pages the usual term ‘late-glacial’ is used for the last glacial deposits in Southern England. This term, however, is correct only when applied locally, for if these deposits are considered in connexion with all the deposits of the Ice Age they cannot be described as really late-glacial, the true late-glacial deposits being much later. This question of terminology will be reverted to later on.

page 437 note 1 Woodward, H. B., 1909. The Geology of the London District (Mem. Geol. Surv. England and Wales), see p. 74.Google Scholar

page 437 note 2 See the Geological Survey drift maps and memoirs, to which reference may also be made for the following account of the Pleistocene deposits in Southern England.

page 438 note 1 Dollfus, G.F., 1884. “Le terrain quaternaire d'Ostende et le Corbicula fluminalis”: Ann. Soc. malac. Belgique, tome 19, pp. 2854.Google Scholar

page 438 note 2 The depth in the other localities is less: 12·2–24·9 and 14·8–21·5 metres.

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