Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T17:07:02.809Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The formation of the trace fossil Cruziana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

R. Goldring
R. Goldring
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 2AB, U.K.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Sectioning Cruziana shows that an intrastratal mode of formation is common, as postulated by Seilacher. Beds with Cruziana are typically composite. Burrows were sometimes washed out and then recast by sand with primary structures. Formation as open surface furrows on an eroded and firmed mud, as postulated by others, is sedimentologically plausible in some instances but is unproven and seems biologically unlikely.

Type
Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 122 , Issue 1 , January 1985 , pp. 65 - 72
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baldwin, C. T. 1977 a. The stratigraphy and facies associations of trace fossils in some Cambrian and Ordovician rocks of north western Spain. In Trace Fossils vol. 2 (ed. Crimes, T. P. and Harper, J. C.), pp. 9–40. Liverpool: Seel House Press.Google Scholar
Baldwin, C. T. 1977 b. Internal structures of trilobite trace fossils indicative of an open surface furrow origin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 21, 273–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birkenmajer, K. & Bruton, D. L. 1971. Some trilobite resting and crawling traces. Lethaia 4, 303–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, D. E. G. & Rushton, A. W. A. 1980. An arthropod trace fossil from the Upper Cambrian Festiniog Beds of North Wales and its bearing on trilobite locomotion. Geologica et Palaeontologica 14, 1–8.Google Scholar
Cowie, J. W. & Spencer, A. M. 1970. Trace fossils from the late Precambrian/Lower Cambrian of East Greenland, In Trace Fossils (ed. Crimes, T. P. and Harper, J. C.), pp. 91–100. Liverpool: Seel House Press.Google Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1969. Trace fossils from the Cambro-Ordovician rocks of North Wales and their stratigraphical significance. Geological Journal 6, 333–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1970 a. Trilobite tracks and other trace fossils from the Upper Cambrian of North Wales. Geological Journal 7, 47–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1970 b. A facies analysis of the Cambrian of Wales. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 7, 113–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1970 c. A facies analysis of the Arenig of western Lleyn. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 81, 221–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1971. Trilobite tracks and other trace fossils from the Upper Cambrian of North Wales. Geological Journal 7, 47–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P. 1975. The production and preservation of trilobite resting and furrowing traces. Lethaia 8, 35–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crimes, T. P., Legg, I., Marcos, A. & Arboleya, M. 1977. Late Precambrian-Lower Cambrian trace fossils from Spain. In Trace Fossils, vol. 2 (ed. Crimes, T. P. and Harper, J. C.), pp. 139–62. Liverpool: Seel House Press.Google Scholar
Delgado, J. F. N. 1886. Etude sur les Trilobites et autres fossiles des quartzites de la base du Système Silurique du Portugal. Section des Travaux Géologiques de Portugal, 1–113. Lisbon: Imprimerie de l'Academic Royale des Sciences.Google Scholar
Goldring, R. & Seilacher, A. 1971. Limulid undertracks and their sedimentological implications. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläeontologie, Abhandlungen 37, 422–42.Google Scholar
Gutschick, R. C. & Rodriguez, J. 1977. Late Devonian–Early Mississippian trace fossils and environments along the Cordilleran Miogeosyncline, Western United States. In Trace Fossils vol. 2 (ed. Crimes, T. P. and Harper, J. C.), pp. 195–208. Liverpool: Seel House Press.Google Scholar
Hardy, P. G. 1970. Xiphosurid trails from the Upper Carboniferous of northern England. Palaeontology 13, 188–90.Google Scholar
Nicholas, T. C. 1915. The geology of the St. Tudwal's peninsula. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 71, 83–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D'Orbigny, A. 1842. Voyages dans l'Amérique méridionale. Bertrand, Paris & Levrault, Strasbourg, 3(4), partie (Paléontol.).Google Scholar
Osgood, R. G. 1970. Trace fossils of the Cincinnati area. Palaeontographica Americana 41, 281–444.Google Scholar
Radwanski, A. & Roniewicz, P. 1963. Upper Cambrian trilobite ichnocoenosis from Wielka Wisniowka (Holy Cross Mountains, Poland). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 8, 259–80.Google Scholar
Salter, J. W. 1853. On the lowest fossiliferous beds of North Wales. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (for 1852), 56–8.Google Scholar
Schmallfuss, H. 1978. Constructional morphology of cuticular terraces in trilobites, with conclusions on synecological evolution. In Paleoecology, Constructions, Sedimentology, Diagenesis and Associations of Fossils (ed. Seilacher, A. and Westphal, F.). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologic und Paläeontologie Abhandlungen 157, 164–8.Google Scholar
Seilacher, A. 1953. Die fossilen Ruhespuren (Cubichnia). Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologic und Paldontologie Abhandlungen 98, 87–124.Google Scholar
Seilacher, A. 1955. Spuren und Lebenweise der Trilobiten. In Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Kambriums in der Salt Range (Pakistan) (O. H. Schindewolf & A. Seilacher). Akademie der Wissenschafter und der Literatur Abhandlungen der Mathematisch–Naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse 10, pp. 342–72.Google Scholar
Seilacher, A. 1970. Cruziana stratigraphy of ‘non-fossiliferous’ Palaeozoic sandstones. In Trace Fossils (ed. Crimes, T. P. & Harper, J. C.), pp. 447–76. Liverpool: Seel House Press.Google Scholar
Seilacher, A. 1982. Distinctive features of sandy tempestites. In Cyclic and Event Stratification (ed. Einsele, G. & Seilacher, A.), pp. 333–49. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, S. 1975. Classification of trace fossils. In The Study of Trace Fossils (ed. Frey, R. W.), pp. 39–54. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. B. & Crimes, T. P. 1983. Trace fossils formed by heart urchins - a study of Scolicia and related traces. Lethaia 16, 79–92.Google Scholar
Whittington, H. B. 1980. Exoskeleton, moult stage, appendage morphology and habits of the Middle Cambrian trilobite Olenoides serratus. Palaeontology 23, 171–204.Google Scholar