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A maternal genetic effect on the composition of mouse aggregation chimaeras

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

John D. West ,
Jean H. Flockhart  and
Adrien Kissenpfennig
John D. West
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 37 Chalmers Street, Edinburgh EH3 9EW, UK
Jean H. Flockhart
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 37 Chalmers Street, Edinburgh EH3 9EW, UK
Adrien Kissenpfennig
Affiliation:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Reproductive Biology, 37 Chalmers Street, Edinburgh EH3 9EW, UK
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Two series of 12½ day mouse chimaeric conceptuses were produced by aggregating (C57BL × CBA)F2 strain preimplantation embryos with embryos that differed at the Gpi-1s locus that encodes glucose phosphate isomerase, GPI-1. The composition of individual issues was evaluated by quantitative electrophoresis to estimate the % GPI-1A in the chimaeric tissue containing GPI-1A and GPI-1B. In one series of chimaeras, the GPI-1A cells were derived from a backcross between inbred BALB/c strain females and (BC × BALB/c)F1 males, where BC is the partly congenic strain C57BL/Ola.AKR-Gpi-lsa,c/Ws. In the other series of chimaeras, the GPI-1A cells were derived from the reciprocal backcross between (BC × BALB/c)F1 females and inbred BALB/c strain males. The [(BC × BALB/c)F1 female × BALB/c male] ↔ (C57BL × CBA)F2 series of chimaeras was reasonably balanced so that GPI-1 A and GPI-1B cells were fairly equally represented in the foetuses, placentas and extraembryonic membranes (tissue means: 37–51 % GPI-1A). This series did not differ significantly in composition from an earlier series of (BC × BALB/c)F2 ↔ (C57BL × CBA)F2 chimaeras. However, the [BALB/c female × (BC × BALB/c)F1 male] ↔ (C57BL × CBA)F2 series of chimaeras was unbalanced, with mean tissue compositions (28–33% GPI-1A) that were intermediate between the above two balanced series and the unbalanced (BALB/c × BALB/c) ↔ (C57BL × CBA)F2 series (tissue means: 14–22% GPI-1 A), that was studied previously. Thus, both (BALB/c×BALB/c) and [BALB/c×(BC x BALB/c)F1 embryos contributed less to the tissues of chimaeric conceptuses than either (BC × BALB/c)F2or [(BC × BALB/c)F1 × BALB/c] embryos. This implies that embryos from BALB/c mothers contributed less to the tissues of chimaeric conceptuses than embryos from (BC × BALB/c)F1 mothers. We, therefore, conclude that a maternal genetic effect is responsible for some of the differences in composition among the four groups of chimaeras. This maternal effect must act before the 8-cell stage but it is not yet known whether it is mediated via cytoplasmic inheritance, genomic imprinting or by the reproductive tract. Evidence that a maternal effect retards preimplantation development of embryos from BALB/c females is reviewed and the possibility that this might cause them to contribute poorly to chimaeric conceptuses when aggregated with more precociously developing embryos is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , February 1995 , pp. 29 - 40
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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