Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T19:19:47.082Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Linkage disequilibrium, genetic distance and evolutionary distance under a general model of linked genes or a part of the genome*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Naoyuki Takahata
Naoyuki Takahata
Affiliation:
National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka-ken 411, Japan

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A general model of linked genes or a part of a genome is proposed which enables us to study various problems in molecular population genetics in a unified way. Several formulae with special reference to the linkage disequilibrium and genetic distance are derived for neutral mutations in finite populations, based on the method of diffusion equations. It is argued that the model and formulae are useful particularly when observations are made in terms of DNA sequence.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 39 , Issue 1 , February 1982 , pp. 63 - 77
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

References

REFERENCES

Aoki, K., Tateno, Y. & Takahata, N. (1981). Estimating evolutionary distance from restriction maps of mitochondrial DNA with arbitrary G + C content. Journal of Molecular Evolution. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Avise, J. C., Lansman, R. A. & Shade, R. O. (1979 a). The use of restriction endonucleases to measure mitochondrial DNA sequence relatedness in natural populations. I. Population structure and evolution in the genus peromyscus. Genetics 92, 279–295.Google Scholar
Avise, J. C., Giblin-Davidson, C., Laerm, J., Patton, J. C. & Lansman, R. A. (1979 b). Mitochondrial DNA clones and matriarchal phylogeny within the among geographic populations of the pocket gopher. Geomys pinetis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 76, 6694–6698.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, W. M. (1980). Polymorphism in mitochondrial DNA of humans as revealed by restriction endonuclease analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 77, 3605–3609.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ewens, W. J. (1979). Mathematical Population Genetics. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Franklin, I. & Lewontin, R. C. (1970). Is the gene the unit of selection? Genetics 65, 701–734.Google Scholar
Haldane, J. B. S. (1931). A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. VIII. Metastable populations. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 27, 137–142.Google Scholar
Hill, W. G. (1968). Population dynamics of linked genes in finite populations. Proceedings of the XII International Congress of Genetics 2, 146–147.Google Scholar
Hill, W. G. (1974 a). Disequilibrium among several linked neutral genes in finite population. I. Mean changes in disequilibrium. Theoretical Population Biology 5, 366–392.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, W. G. (1974 b). Disequilibrium among several linked neutral genes in finite population. II. Variances and covariances of disequilibria. Theoretical Population Biology 6, 184–198.Google Scholar
Hill, W. G. (1975). Linkage disequilibrium among multiple neutral alleles produced by mutation in finite population. Theoretical Population Biology 8, 117–126.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hill, W. G. & Robertson, A. (1968). Linkage disequilibrium in finite populations. Theoretical and Applied Genetics (Der Züchter) 38, 226–231.Google Scholar
Jukes, T. H. & Cantor, C. H. (1969). Evolution of protein molecules. In Mammalian Protein Metabolism, (ed. Munro, H. N.), pp. 21–123. New York: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimura, M. (1964). Diffusion models in population genetics. Journal of Applied Probability 1, 177–232.Google Scholar
Kimura, M. (1969). The number of heterozygous nucleotide sites maintained in a finite population due to steady flux of mutations. Genetics 61, 893–903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 16, 111–120.Google Scholar
Kimura, M. (1981). On estimation of evolutionary distances between homologous nucleotide sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 78, 454–458.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimura, M. & Crow, J. F. (1964). The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics 49, 725–738.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, W.-H. (1977). Distribution of nucleotide differences between two randomly chosen cistrons in a finite population. Genetics 85, 331–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maxam, A. & Gilbert, M. (1977). A new method for sequencing DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 74, 560–564.Google Scholar
Nei, M. (1972). Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist 106, 283–292.Google Scholar
Nei, M. & Li, W.-H. (1979). Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 76, 5269–5273.Google Scholar
Ohta, T. (1980). Linkage disequilibrium between amino acid sites in immunoglobulin genes and other multigene families. Genetical Research 36, 181–197.Google Scholar
Ohta, T. & Kimura, M. (1969 a). Linkage disequilibrium due to random genetic drift. Genetical Research 13, 47–55.Google Scholar
Ohta, T. & Kimura, M. (1969 b). Linkage disequilibrium at steady state determined by random genetic drift and recurrent mutation. Genetics 63, 229–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohta, T. & Kimura, M. (1971). Linkage disequilibrium between two segregating nucleotide sites under the steady flux of mutations in a finite population. Genetics 68, 571–580.Google Scholar
Robertson, A. (1961). Inbreeding in artificial selection programmes. Genetical Research 2. 189–194.Google Scholar
Sanger, F., Nicklen, S. & Coulson, A. R. (1977). DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A. 74, 5463–5467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shah, D. H. & Langley, C. H. (1979). Inter- and intraspecific variation in restriction maps of Drosophila mitochondrial DNAs. Nature 281, 696–699.Google Scholar
Slatkin, M. (1972). On treating the chromosome as the unit of selection. Genetics 72, 157–168.Google Scholar
Takahata, N. & Kimura, M. (1981). A model of evolutionary base substitutions and its application with special reference to rapid change of pseudogenes. Genetics. (In the Press.)Google Scholar
Takahata, N. & Maruyama, T. (1981). A mathematical model of extranuclear genes and the genetic variability maintained in a finite population. Genetical Research 37, 291–302.Google Scholar
Upholt, W. B. (1977). Estimation of DNA sequence divergence from comparison of restriction endonuclease digests. Nucleic Acids Research 4, 1257–1265.Google Scholar
Watterson, G. A. (1975). On the number of segregating sites in genetical models without recombination. Theoretical Population Biology 7, 256–276.Google Scholar