Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-05T09:00:57.291Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Induced mitotic crossing-over in relation to genetic replication in synchronously dividing cells of Ustilago maydis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Robin Holliday
Robin Holliday
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, U.S.A.*
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A method is now available for synchronizing the division of populations of cells of the smut fungus Ustilago maydis. In two experiments carried out with a diploid strain heterozygous for several biochemical markers, samples of cells were removed at intervals through the synchronized division cycle and treated with a constant dose of ultra-violet light. Cell survival and the frequency of the various recombinants resulting from induced mitotic crossing-over were recorded. In addition the period of DNA synthesis in the unirradiated population has been measured. During this period the cells are very sensitive to ultra-violet light and those that survive contain the highest proportion of induced recombinants. In so far as the markers make it possible to locate the position of cross-overs, cells which are irradiated early in the period of genetic replication show most crossing-over towards the ends of the chromosome arms, whilst cells which are treated late in this period show crossing-over near the centromeres. The data are most easily interpreted by supposing that chromosome replication begins at the ends of the arms and proceeds to the centromere, and that the temporary interruption of this process by ultra-violet light can result in pairing and crossing-over in the vicinity of the points of interruption.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , February 1965 , pp. 104 - 120
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1965

References

REFERENCES

Boyce, P. B. & Howard-Flanders, P. (1964). Release of ultraviolet light-induced thymine dimers from DNA in E. coli K-12. Proc. not. Acad. Sci., Wash., 51, 293–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cairns, J. (1963). The bacterial chromosome and its manner of replication as seen by auto-radiography. J. mol. Biol. 6, 208–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esposito, R. & Holliday, R. (1964). The effect of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine on genetic replication and mitotic crossing-over in synchronised cultures of Ustilago maydis. Genetics, 50, 1009–1017.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fogel, S. & Hurst, D. D. (1963). Coincidence relations between gene conversion and mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces. Genetics, 48, 321–328.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorman, J., Taruo, P., Laberge, M. & Halvorson, H. (1964). Timing of enzyme synthesis during synchronous division in yeast. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 15, 43–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holliday, R. (1961 a). The genetics of Ustilago maydis. Genet. Res. 2, 204–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holliday, R. (1961 b). Induced mitotic crossing-over in Ustilago maydis. Genet. Res. 2, 231–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holliday, R. (1962). Mutation and replication in Ustilago maydis. Genet. Res. 3, 472–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holliday, R. (1964 a). The induction of mitotic recombination by mitomycin C in Ustilago and Saccharomyces. Genetics, 50, 323–335.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holliday, R. (1964 b). A mechanism for gene conversion in fungi. Genet. Res. 5, 282–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, A. P. & Lee-Whiting, B. (1955). Radiation-induced genetic segregations in vegetative cells of diploid yeast. Genetics, 40, 826–831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lima-de-Faria, A. (1961). Initiation of DNA synthesis at specific segments in the meiotic chromosomes of Melanoplus. Hereditas, 47, 674–694.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lissouba, P., Mousseau, J., Rizet, G. & Rossignol, J. L. (1962). Fine structure of genes in the ascomycete Ascobolus immersus. Advanc. Genet. 11, 343–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morpurgo, G. (1962). Quantitative measurement of induced somatic segregation in Aspergillus nidulans. Sci. Reps. 1st Super. Sanità, 2, 324–329.Google Scholar
Morpurgo, G. (1963). Induction of mitotic crossing-over in Aspergillus nidulans by bifunctional alkylating agents. Genetics, 48, 1259–1263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nagata, T. (1963). The molecular synchrony and sequential replication of DNA in Escherichia coli. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 49, 551–559.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peacock, W. J. (1963). Chromosome duplication and structure as determined by auto-radiography. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 49, 793–801.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelc, S. R. & La Cour, L. F. (1959). Some aspects of replication in chromosomes. In The Cell Nucleus, pp. 232–239. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Plaut, W. (1963). On the replicative organisation of DNA in the polytene chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. J. mol. Biol. 7, 632–635.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pontecorvo, G. (1953). The genetics of Aspergillus nidulans. Advanc. Genet. 5, 141–238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pontecorvo, G. & Käfer, E. (1958). Genetic analysis based on mitotic recombination. Advanc. Genet. 9, 71–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roman, H. L. (1956). Studies of gene mutation in Saccharomyces. Cold Spr. Harb. Sym. quant. Biol. 21, 175–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roman, H. L. & Jacob, F. (1958). A comparison of spontaneous and ultraviolet-induced allelic recombination with reference to the recombination of outside markers. Cold Spr. Harb. Sym. quant. Biol. 23, 155–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, M., Katoh, A., Hotta, Y. & Stern, H. (1963). Metabolically labile deoxyribonucleic acid. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 50, 459–463.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Setlow, R. B. & Carrier, W. L. (1964). The disappearance of thymine dimers from DNA: an error-correcting mechanism. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 51, 226–231.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stubblefield, E. & Mueller, G. C. (1962). Molecular events in the reproduction of animal cells. II. The focalised synthesis of DNA in the chromosomes of HeLa cells. Cancer Res. 22, 1091–1099.Google Scholar
Swann, M. M. (1962). Gene replication, ultraviolet sensitivity and the cell cycle. Nature, Lond., 193, 1222–1227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, J. H. (1958). The mode of chromosome duplication in Crepis capillaris. Exp. Cell Res. 15, 350–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, J. H. (1960). Asynchronous duplication of chromosomes in cultured cells of Chinese hampster. J. Biophysic. & Biochem. Cytol. 7, 455–463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wake, R. G. (1963). Sequential replication of DNA in synchronously germinating Bacillus subtilis spores. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 13, 67–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilkie, D. & Lewis, D. (1963). The effect of ultraviolet light on recombination in yeast. Genetics, 48, 1701–1716.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williamson, D. H. & Scopes, A. W. (1960). The behaviour of nucleic acids in synchronously dividing cultures of Saccharomyces cereviseae. Exp. Cell Res. 20, 338–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, D. H. & Scopes, A. W. (1962). A rapid method for synchronising division in the yeast Saccharomyces cereviseae. Nature, Lond., 193, 256–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wollman, E.-L., Jacob, F. & Hayes, W. (1956). Conjugation and genetic recombination in Escherichia coli. Cold Spr. Harb. Sym. quant. Biol. 21, 141–162.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoshikawa, H. & Sueoka, N. (1963 a). Sequential replication of Bacillus subtilis chromosome. I. Comparison of marker frequencies in exponential and stationary growth phases. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 49, 559–566.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoshikawa, H. & Sueoka, N. (1963 b). Sequential replication of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. II. Isotopic transfer experiments. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash., 49, 806–813.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed