Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T05:45:32.775Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of an unusual chromosome architecture on disjunction and non-disjunction in Drosophila

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Raphael Falk
Raphael Falk
Affiliation:
Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Two homologous autosomes of Drosophila that were attached to form a single entire compound autosome II were found to affect the segregation of the sex chromosomes in both males and females. The compound segregated nearly always from an attached X . Y chromosome in males with no other sex chromosome. When two sex chromosomes were present together with the compound they differed in their tendency to segregate from the compound. In males the X . Y chromosome segregated more often from the compound than did the Y chromosome, and the Y chromosome segregated more often from the compound than did the regular X chromosome. In females the X . Y segregated more often from the compound than did the regular X chromosome. This preferential segregation in females was observed for exchange X chromosomes as well as for the non-exchange chromosomes.

In the presence of the compound the frequency of primary non-disjunction of the sex chromosomes was elevated in both females and males; usually both sex chromosomes segregated from the compound and only rarely with it.

Flies devoid of most of the proximal heterochromatin of the sex chromosomes die. However, when the compound autosome was present some such flies survived. This indicates that a segment of the proximal heterochromatin of the sex chromosomes was intercalated into the compound when it was constructed. It was concluded that the segment intercalated into the compound carries specific sites for sex chromosome disjunction. Specific sites determine sex chromosome disjunction in males. In females they determine the disjunction of the sex chromosomes in cooperation with exchange pairing.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 41 , Issue 1 , February 1983 , pp. 17 - 28
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

References

REFERENCES

Ault, J. G., Lin, H.-P. P. & Church, K. (1981). Sex chromosome morphology at prometaphase-metaphase I of meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster males. Genetics 97, s4.Google Scholar
Bridges, C. B. (1916). Non-disjunction as proof of the chromosome theory of heredity. Genetics 1, 1–52, 107–163.Google Scholar
Bridges, C. B. & Anderson, E. G. (1925). Crossing over in the X-chromosome of triploid females of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 10, 418–441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cooper, K. W. (1948). A new theory of secondary non-disjunction in female Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 34, 179–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, K. W. (1959). Cytogenetic analysis of major heterochromatic elements (especially Xh and Y) in Drosophila melanogaster, and the thoery of heterochromatin. Chromosomu 10, 535–588.Google Scholar
Gershenson, S. M. (1940). The nature of so-called genetically inert parts of chromosomes. Videnskap. Akad. Nauk, URSS Kiev (in Ukrainian), pp. 3–116.Google Scholar
Grell, R. F. (1962 a). A new hypothesis on the nature and sequence of meiotic events in the female of Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U.S.A. 48, 165–172.Google Scholar
Grell, R. F. (1962 b). A new model for secondary nondisjunction. The role of distributive pairing. Genetics 47, 1737–1754.Google Scholar
Grell, R. F. (1976). Distributive pairing. In The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila, vol. 1 a (ed. Ashburner, M. and Novitski, E.), pp. 435–486. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lindsley, D. L. & Grell, E. H. (1968). Genetic Variations of Drosophila melanogaster. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication, no. 627.Google Scholar
Lindsley, D. L. & Sandler, L. (1958). The meiotic behavior of grossly deleted X chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 43, 547–563.Google Scholar
Novitski, E. (1964). An alternative to the distributive pairing hypothesis in Drosophila. Genetics 50, 1449–1451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Novitski, E. (1975). Evidence for the single phase pairing theory of meiosis. Genetics 79, 63–71.Google Scholar
Novitski, E. (1976). The construction of an entire compound two chromosome. In The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila vol. 16 (ed. Ashburner, M. and Novitski, E.), pp. 562–568. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Novitski, E. (1978). The relation of exchange to nondisjunction in heterologous chromosome pairing in the Drosophila female. Genetics 88, 499–503.Google Scholar
Novitski, E., Grace, D. & Strommen, C. (1981). The entire compound au tosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 98, 257–273.Google Scholar
Peacock, W. J. & Miklos, G. L. G. (1973). Meiotic drive in Drosophila: New interpretations of the segregation distorter and sex chromosome systems. Advances in Genetics 17, 361–409.Google Scholar
Portin, P. (1975). Non-homologous chromosome pairing in female Drosophila. Before or after exchange ? Hereditas 80, 59–68.Google Scholar
Yamamoto, M. & Miklos, G. L. G. (1977). Genetic dissection of heterochromatin in Drosophila: The role of basal X heterochromatin in meiotic sex chromosome behaviour. Chromosoma 60, 283–296.Google Scholar