Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T18:55:49.577Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Scheduling peach orchard irrigation in waterstress conditions: use of relative transpiration and predawn leafwater potential

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2013

Teresa Afonso do Paço ,
Maria Isabel Ferreira  and
Carlos Arruda Pacheco
Teresa Afonso do Paço*
Affiliation:
CEER – Biosyst. Eng., DCEB, Inst. Sup. Agron., Univ. Técn. Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal. [email protected] ,
Maria Isabel Ferreira
Affiliation:
CEER – Biosyst. Eng., DCEB, Inst. Sup. Agron., Univ. Técn. Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal. [email protected] ,
Carlos Arruda Pacheco
Affiliation:
Inst. Sup. Agron., Univ. Técn. Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
*
* Correspondence and reprints

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Introduction. Plant water stressindicators have become valuable for moving towards deficit irrigationstrategies and saving water. In this case evapotranspiration (ET)is below its maximum value for the crop and stage (ETc),and a stress coefficient (Ks) is applied to obtainactual ET (ETa). Predawn leaf waterpotential (Yp) can be related to relative transpiration(RT), the ratio between transpiration of a stressedplot (T) and transpiration of a well-irrigatedplot (Tm). Estimating RT fromYp allows calculating ETa fordetermination of irrigation amounts, if deficit irrigation practicesare used, as RT corresponds approximately to Ks. Materials and methods. RT and Yp were measuredwith the aim of establishing a relationship to estimate RT undermoderate water stress for irrigation scheduling, in a peach orchardin south Portugal. RT was calculated using sap flowmeasurements (heat balance method) in two plots, one well-irrigated(daily drip irrigation amounts calculated for Tm) andanother temporarily without irrigation. Results and discussion. Ahigh correlation was found between RT and Yp,allowing the estimation of RT for the studied conditions.Significant differences regarding the relationship RT-Yp obtained for another peach orchard in the sameregion and similar soil conditions were found for Yp inthe range between –0.11 and –0.45 MPa. The results suggest that thedifferences resulted from the different irrigation systems: dripand micro-sprinkling, as they determine different temporal and spatialwater distribution and therefore different geometry of root systems.A formerly proposed equation to estimate RT fromYp with a general form for different fruit treespecies was tested, proving to be adequate within some limits: when RT is lowered to 0.7, the error was below 9%. Thethreshold value RT = 0.7 was considered a minimumas it was successfully tested in deficit irrigation practices for peachorchards.

Keywords

PortugalPrunus persicawater stresssoil water deficitindicatorsdeciduous plantsfruit treeswater requirementsdemand irrigationPortugalPrunus persicastress hydriquedéficit hydrique du solindicateurplante à feuilles caduquesarbre fruitierbesoin en eauirrigation à la demandePortugalPrunus persicaestrés hídricodéficit de humedad en el sueloindicadoresplantas deciduasárboles frutalesnecesidades de aguariego a la demanda
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 68 , Issue 2 , March 2013 , pp. 147 - 158
Copyright
© 2013 Cirad/EDP Sciences

References

Goldhamer D.A., Irrigation scheduling with plant indicators: measurement, in: Trimble S.W., Stewart B.A., Howell T.A. (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of Water Science, Marcel Dekker, N.Y., U.S.A., 2003.
Jones, H.G., Irrigation scheduling: advantages and pitfalls of plant-based methods, J. Exp. Bot. 55 (2004) 2427–2436.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geerts,, S., Raes, D., Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximise crop water productivity in dry areas, Agric. Water Manag. 96 (2009) 1275–1284.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durán Zuazo, V.H., Rodríguez, Pleguezuelo C.R., Tarifa, D.F., Impact of sustained-deficit irrigation on tree growth, mineral nutrition, fruit yield and quality of mango in Spain, Fruits 66 (2011) 257–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beniken, L., Beqqali, M., Dahan, R., Benkirane, R., Omari, F.E., Benazouz, A., Hamid Benyahia, H., Gaboun, F., Évaluation de la résistance de dix porte-greffes d’agrumes résistants à la tristeza vis-à-vis du déficit hydrique, Fruits 66 (2011) 373–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Itier B., Maraux F., Ruelle P., Deumier J.M., Applicability and limitations of irrigation scheduling methods and techniques, in: Smith M., Pereira L.S., Berengena J., Itier B., Goussard J., Ragab R., Tollefson L., van Hofwegen P. (Eds.), Irrigation scheduling: from theory to practice, FAO, Rome, Italy, 1996.
Katerji N., Les indicateurs de l'état hydrique de la plante, in: Riou C., Bonhomme R., Chassin P., Neveu A., Papy F. (Eds.), L'eau dans l'espace rural, INRA, Paris, Fr., 1997.
Jones, H.G., Monitoring plant and soil water status: established and novel methods revisited and their relevance to studies of drought tolerance, J. Exp. Bot. 58 (2007) 119–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kriston-Vizi, J., Umeda, M., Miyamoto, K., Assessment of the water status of mandarin and peach canopies using visible multispectral imagery, Biosyst. Eng. 100 (2008) 338–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ameglio, T., Archer, P., Cohen, M., Valancogne, C., Daudet, F.A., Dayau, S., Cruiziat, P., Significance and limits in the use of predawn leaf water potential for tree irrigation, Plant Soil 207 (1999) 155–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, L.E., Araujo, F.J., Correlations among predawn leaf, midday leaf, and midday stem water potential and their correlations with other measures of soil and plant water status in Vitis vinifera, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 127 (2002) 448–454.Google Scholar
Allen R.G., Pereira L.S., Raes D., Smith M., Crop evapotranspiration guidelines for computing crop water requirements, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, Rome, Italy, 1998.
Itier B., Ferreira M.I., Katerji N., Evolution journalière du coefficient de sècheresse entre deux irrigations sur tomate, in: di Castri F., Floret Ch., Rambal S., Roy J., Proc. 5th Int. Conf. Mediterranean Ecosystems, IUBS, Paris, Fr., 1988, pp. 191–196.
Itier, B., Katerji, N., Ferreira, M.I., Flura, D., Relative evapotranspiration in relation to soil water and predawn leaf water potential: Application to a tomato crop, Acta Hortic. 278 (1990) 101–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira M.I., Valancogne C., Experimental study of a stress coefficient: application on a simple model for irrigation scheduling and daily evapotranspiration estimation, in: Farkas I. (Ed.), Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. Mathematical modeling and simulation in agricultural and bio-industries, Bp., Hung., 1997.
Katerji, N., Itier, B., Ferreira, I., A study of several indicators of the water status of a tomato crop in a semi-arid region, Agronomie 8 (1988) 425–433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldhamer, D.A., Viveros, M., Salinas, M., Regulated deficit irrigation in almonds: effects of variations in applied water and stress timing on yield and yield components, Irrig. Sci., 24 (2006) 101–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Intrigliolo, D.S., Castel, J.R., Performance of various water stress indicators for prediction of fruit size response to deficit irrigation in plum, Agric. Water Manag. 83 (2006) 173–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bond, B.J., Kavanagh, K.L., Stomatal behavior of four woody species in relation to leaf-specific hydraulic conductance and threshold water potential, Tree Physiol. 19 (1999) 503–510.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tuzet, A., Perrier, A., Leuning, R., A coupled model of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration, Plant Cell Environ. 26 (2003) 1097–1116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, M.I., Pacheco, C.A., Valancogne, C., Michaelsen, J., Ameglio, T., Daudet, F.A., Evapotranspiration, water stress indicators and soil water balance in a Prunus persica orchard, in central Portugal, Acta Hortic. 449 (1997) 379–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valancogne, C., Dayau, S., Ameglio, T., Archer, P., Daudet, F.A., Gama, M.I.F., Cohen, M., Relations between relative transpiration and predawn leaf water potential in different fruit tree species, Acta Hortic. 449 (1997) 423–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira-Gama M.I.F.R., Evapotranspiração real. Estudo realizado na cultura do tomate em região de clima mediterrânico, Univ. Téc. Lisboa, Inst. Sup. Agron., Thesis, Lisb., Port., 1987, 168 p.
Silva R.M., Desenvolvimento de um sistema inteligente de determinação das necessidades hídricas para cultura de lenhosas anisotrópicas, Tech. Univ. Lisb., Inst. Sup. Agron., Thesis, Lisb., Port., 2009, 267 p.
Fernandez, J.E., Moreno, F., Cabrera, F., Arrue, J.L., Martinaranda, J., Drip irrigation, soil characteristics and the root distribution and root activity of olive trees, Plant Soil 133 (1991) 239–251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee R., Forest microclimatology, Columbia Univ. Press, N.Y., U.S.A., 1978.
Deckers J.A., Nachtergaele F.O., Spaargaren O.C., World reference base for soil resources: Introduction, FAO, ISRIC Acco, Leuven, Belg., 1998.
Hagrey, S.A. al, Michaelsen, J., Hydrogeophysical soil study at a drip irrigated orchard, Portugal, Eur. J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. Soc. 7 (2002) 75–93.Google Scholar
Valancogne, C., Nasr, Z., A heat-balance method for measuring the sap flow in small trees, Agronomie 9 (1989) 609–617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valancogne C., Nasr Z., A heat balance method for measuring sap flow in small trees, in: Borghetti J.G.M., Raschi A. (Eds.), Water transport in plants under climatic stress, Camb. Univ. Press, U.K., 1993.
Sakuratani, T., A heat balance method for measuring water flux in the stem of intact plants, J. Agric. Meteorol. 37 (1981) 9–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valancogne, C., Dayau, S., Pieri, P., Ferreira, M.I., Silvestre, J., Angelocci, L.R., Influence of orchard and vineyard characteristics on maximal plant transpiration, Acta Hortic. 537 (2000) 61–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, F.L., Valverde, P.C., Ramos, A.F., Reis, J.L., Castanheira, N.L., Water use and response of a dry-farmed olive orchard recently converted to irrigation, Biosyst. Eng. 98 (2007) 102–114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sperry, J.S., Adler, F.R., Campbell, G.S., Comstock, J.P., Limitation of plant water use by rhizosphere and xylem conductance: results from a model, Plant Cell Environ. 21 (1998) 347–359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, J., The influence of physical and physiological characteristics of vegetation on their hydrological response, Hydrol. Process. 14 (2000) 2885–2901.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, J.M., Ortuno, M.F., Chaves, M.M., Deficit irrigation as a strategy to save water: Physiology and potential application to horticulture, J. Integr. Plant Biol. 49 (2007) 1421–1434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fereres, E., Soriano, M.A., Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use, J. Exp. Bot. 58 (2007) 147–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Girona, J., Gelly, M., Mata, M., Arbones, A., Rufat, J., Marsal, J., Peach tree response to single and combined deficit irrigation regimes in deep soils, Agric. Water Manag. 72 (2005) 97–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guangyong L., Xingfa H., Xiaowei W., Water use of drip irrigated peach trees under full irrigation and regulated deficit irrigation, in: Proc. 6th Int. Micro-irrig. Cong. Micro-irrigation Technology for Developing Agriculture, S. Afr., 2000, pp. 1–6.
Ortuno, M.F., Alarcon, J.J., Nicolas, E., Torrecillas, A., Sap flow and trunk diameter fluctuations of young lemon trees under water stress and rewatering, Environ. Exp. Bot. 54 (2005) 155–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz-Sanchez, M.C., Domingo, R., Save, R., Biel, C., Torrecillas, A., Effects of water stress and rewatering on leaf water relations of lemon plants, Biol. Plant. 39 (1997) 623–631.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gonzalez-Altozano, P., Castel, J.R., Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on 'Clementina de Nules' citrus trees growth, yield and fruit quality, Acta Hortic. 537 (2000) 749–758.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maotani, T., Machida, Y., Changes in transpiration rate, leaf diffusion resistance and leaf water potential for satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) trees during prolonged water stress and subsequent recovery, J. Agric. Meteorol. 32 (1977) 203–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paço, T.A., Conceição, N., Ferreira, M.I., Measurements and estimates of peach orchard evapotranspiration in Mediterranean conditions, Acta Hortic. 664 (2004) 505–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denmead, O., Shaw, R., Availability of soil water to plants as affected by soil moisture content and meteorological conditions, Agron. J. 54 (1962) 385–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar