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Nutrient and mineral assessment of edible wildfig and mulberry fruits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 April 2014

Haleema Sadia ,
Mushtaq Ahmad ,
Shazia Sultana ,
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah ,
Lee Teong ,
Muhammad Zafar  and
Asghari Bano
Haleema Sadia
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
Mushtaq Ahmad
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Shazia Sultana*
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
Affiliation:
School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Lee Teong
Affiliation:
School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Muhammad Zafar
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
Asghari Bano
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
*
* Correspondence and reprints
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Abstract

Introduction. Edible wild plants are nature’s gift to mankind. Considering the growing need to identify alternative bio-nutritional sources, some underutilized species of figs (Ficus carica L., F. palmata Forssk., F. racemosa L.) and mulberries (Morus alba L. , M. nigra L, M. laevigata Wall.) of the family Moraceae were evaluated as wild edible fruits to study their nutritive and mineral composition in order to prioritize their edibility for indigenous people. Materials and methods. The major proximal components (moisture, ash, lipids, proteins, fibers and carbohydrates) were determined by standard AOAC methods. The concentration of various minerals (K, Ca, Mg and Na) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni) were recorded by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results. Our results indicated a range of moisture contents from 17.82–80.37 g·100 g–1 (fresh weight basis) in F. carica-M. laviegata; protein, 6.31–13.50 g·100 g–1 (dry weight basis) in F. glomerata-M. alba; crude fats, 1.02–2.71 g·100 g–1 in F. palmate-F. glomerata; carbohydrates 69.47–75.58 g·100 g–1 in M. alba-M. nigra; and fiber 7.63–17.81 g×100 g–1 in M. laviegata-F. palmate, respectively. The significantly highest energy value was computed in M. laviegata (367.7 kcal·100 g–1). Moreover, sufficient quantities of essential elements were found in all the studied materials. The highest levels of N [(0.24 ± 0.07) mg·g–1] and Fe [(1.43 ± 0.42 mg·g–1] were found in M. laviegata; Na [(1.92 ± 0.11 mg·g–1] and Mg [(6.92 ± 0.37 mg·g–1] in F. palmate; and K [(17.21 ± 0.03 mg·g–1] in F. glomerata. Significant variation existed among the selected species in all the nutritional parameters. Conclusion. According to our results, fig and mulberry fruits are recommended for commercial-scale production for the green industry to overcome food crises as they are potential food sources, particularly Morus laviegata and Ficus palmata, with rich nutritional attributes and mineral profiles.

Keywords

PakistanMorusFicusfruitsproximate compositionmineral contentPakistanMorusFicusfruitscomposition globaleteneur en éléments minérauxPakistánMorusFicusfrutascomposición aproximadacontenido mineral
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 69 , Issue 2 , March 2014 , pp. 159 - 166
Copyright
© 2014 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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