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Influence of drying parameters on β-carotene retention in mango leather

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 October 2005

Roberto C. Guarte ,
Isabell Pott  and
Werner Mühlbauer
Roberto C. Guarte
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering and Agri-Industries, Leyte State University, Visca, Baybay, Leyte 6521-A, Philippines
Isabell Pott
Affiliation:
Institute for Agricultural Engineering in the Tropics and Subtropics, Hohenheim University, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Werner Mühlbauer
Affiliation:
Institute for Agricultural Engineering in the Tropics and Subtropics, Hohenheim University, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
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Abstract

Introduction. Dried mango slices are a common snack product in Southeast Asian countries. Mashing the carotenoid-containing mango flesh and drying the puree to mango leather is a promising alternative to utilise even over-mature or small fruits and fruits with irregular size as low-cost raw materials. Within the study, the impact of blanching and air temperature (40–90 °C) on drying time and quality was investigated. Materials and methods. Drying tests were conducted using a laboratory dryer, which allowed continuous measurement of the drying rate. The quality of the mango leather was evaluated in terms of colour (CIE-Lab) and β-carotene content (HPLC). The formation of 13-cis-β-carotene isomer was used to indicate thermal β-carotene degradation. Results and discussion. Blanching degraded the β-carotene content, reduced drying time (–20%) and decreased browning reactions. Optimum drying conditions in terms of drying time, colour and β-carotene retention were determined at 80 °C. The all-trans-β-carotene content was maintained at 75% and no decrease in colour saturation (C*) was observed. As a result, it is expected that 80 °C is sufficient to inactivate carotenoid oxidising enzymes without showing significant negative thermal effects on β-carotene degradation. Higher temperatures led to severe β-carotene losses. Lower temperatures increased drying times, caused discolouration and decreased the β-carotene retention. Conclusion. With a provitamin A activity of (600 to 650) retinol equivalents (RE), mango leather is a promising source of provitamin.

Keywords

Philippinesmangoespostharvest lossespostharvest technologyfruit pulps / hot air dryingcarotenoidsqualityPhilippinesmangueperte après récoltetechnologie après récoltepulpe de fruitsséchage par air chaudcaroténoïdequalité
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 60 , Issue 4 , July 2005 , pp. 255 - 265
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences

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