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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 October 2008
Much of our understanding of uteroplacental insufficiency has been derived from animal research and the study of the pathology of human placental and uterine biopsies. These studies have shown how the placenta plays a major role in the development of normal pregnancy and how placental dysfunction is generally caused by factors interfering with the normal growth of the uteroplacental and/or fetoplacental circulations. These abnormalities lead to a deficient supply of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and to several complications of pregnancy such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).