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Spread of Salmonella enterica in the body during systemic infection: unravelling host and pathogen determinants

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2011

Pietro Mastroeni  and
Andrew J. Grant
Pietro Mastroeni*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
Andrew J. Grant
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
*
*Corresponding author: Pietro Mastroeni, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Salmonella enterica causes a range of life-threatening diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Current treatments for S. enterica infections are not sufficiently effective, and there is a need to develop new vaccines and therapeutics. An understanding of how S. enterica spreads in tissues has very important implications for targeting bacteria with vaccine-induced immune responses and antimicrobial drugs. Development of new control strategies would benefit from a more sophisticated evaluation of bacterial location, spatiotemporal patterns of spread and distribution in the tissues, and sites of microbial persistence. We review here recent studies of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infections in mice, an established model of systemic typhoid fever in humans, which suggest that continuous bacterial spread to new infection foci and host phagocytes is an essential trait in the virulence of S. enterica during systemic infections. We further highlight how infections within host tissues are truly heterogeneous processes despite the fact that they are caused by the expansion of a genetically homogeneous microbial population. We conclude by discussing how understanding the within-host quantitative, spatial and temporal dynamics of S. enterica infections might aid the development of novel targeted preventative measures and drug regimens.

Type
Review Article
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 13 , March 2011 , e12
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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Further reading, resources and contacts

A continually updated web-based resource covering the molecular and cellular biology of Salmonella and Escherichia coli can be found at Eco-Sal:

http://www.ecosal.org.Google Scholar
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/disease/animations.html.Google Scholar
http://www.who.int/topics/salmonella/en/.Google Scholar
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/.Google Scholar
http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/diarrhoeal/en/index7.html.Google Scholar