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Mechanisms in allergic airway inflammation – lessons from studies in the mouse

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2008

Bennett O.V. Shum ,
Michael S. Rolph  and
William A. Sewell
Bennett O.V. Shum
Affiliation:
Immunology and Inflammation Research Program, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. CRC for Asthma and Airways, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
Michael S. Rolph
Affiliation:
Immunology and Inflammation Research Program, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. CRC for Asthma and Airways, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.
William A. Sewell*
Affiliation:
Immunology and Inflammation Research Program, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia. St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
*
*Corresponding author: William Sewell, Immunology and Inflammation Research Program, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia. Tel: +61 2 9295 8434; Fax: +61 2 9295 8404; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, involving recurrent episodes of airway obstruction and wheezing. A common pathological feature in asthma is the presence of a characteristic allergic airway inflammatory response involving extensive leukocyte infiltration, mucus overproduction and airway hyper-reactivity. The pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation is complex, involving multiple cell types such as T helper 2 cells, regulatory T cells, eosinophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, and parenchymal cells of the lung. The cellular response in allergic airway inflammation is controlled by a broad range of bioactive mediators, including IgE, cytokines and chemokines. The asthmatic allergic inflammatory response has been a particular focus of efforts to develop novel therapeutic agents. Animal models are widely used to investigate inflammatory mechanisms. Although these models are not perfect replicas of clinical asthma, such studies have led to the development of numerous novel therapeutic agents, of which some have already been successful in clinical trials.

Type
Review Article
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 10 , October 2008 , e15
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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References

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Further reading, resources and contacts

Publications

The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology website offers extensive information for patients, medical professionals, its members and the media:

Kay, A.B. (2005) The role of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of asthma. Trends Mol Med 11, 148-152CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holgate, S.T. and Polosa, R. (2006) The mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of severe asthma in adults. Lancet 368, 780-793CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Casale, T.B. and Stokes, J.R. (2008) Immunomodulators for allergic respiratory disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol 121, 288-296CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harnett, M.M. and Harnett, W.Therapeutic immunomodulators from nematode parasites. Expert Rev Mol Med (in press)Google Scholar
http://www.aaaai.org/Google Scholar
http://www.allergy.org.au/Google Scholar
Kay, A.B. (2005) The role of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of asthma. Trends Mol Med 11, 148-152CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holgate, S.T. and Polosa, R. (2006) The mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of severe asthma in adults. Lancet 368, 780-793CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Casale, T.B. and Stokes, J.R. (2008) Immunomodulators for allergic respiratory disorders. J Allergy Clin Immunol 121, 288-296CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harnett, M.M. and Harnett, W.Therapeutic immunomodulators from nematode parasites. Expert Rev Mol Med (in press)Google Scholar
http://www.aaaai.org/Google Scholar
http://www.allergy.org.au/Google Scholar