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Potassium rates on the cationic balance of an Oxisol and soybean nutritional status after 8 years of K deprivation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2019

Ruan Francisco Firmano Open the ORCID record for Ruan Francisco Firmano [Opens in a new window] ,
Adilson de Oliveira Junior ,
Cesar de Castro  and
Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni
Ruan Francisco Firmano*
Affiliation:
Soil Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP13418-900, Brazil
Adilson de Oliveira Junior
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, National Soybean Center, Carlos Joao Strass Highway, Londrina, PR86001-970, Brazil
Cesar de Castro
Affiliation:
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, National Soybean Center, Carlos Joao Strass Highway, Londrina, PR86001-970, Brazil
Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni
Affiliation:
Soil Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP13418-900, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Highly weathered soils from humid tropics naturally have low contents of available potassium (K) to plants. Under these conditions, the K deprivation can change the equilibrium among cations in the soil and the nutritional status of some crops as soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). A field experiment related to K fertilisation, spring soybean and diverse species of fall/winter crops, such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) or oat (Avena strigosa L.), has been carried out in Southern Brazil since 1983. The K deprivation for 8 years reduced soybean grain yield and the K contents in soil and plant tissues. K extractants, such as Mehlich-1 and ion exchange resins, had diverse sensitivities with the variation in the K exchangeable contents induced by K rates. The increased soil K content after K fertilisation reduced calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents in index leaves and altered its contents in the soil extracted by 1 mol L−1 KCl and ion exchange resins. Among the micronutrients, only B contents changed due to increased K rates, and had significant correlations with K and Ca contents in index leaves. The calculated Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) indices were compatible with soybean yield and K contents in soybean index leaves.

Keywords

K deprivationLong-termSelective adsorption
Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 56 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 293 - 311
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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