Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T22:41:01.874Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Population, Growth and Water Use of Groundnut Maintained on Stored Water. IV. The Influence of Population on Water Supply and Demand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 October 2008

L. P. Simmonds  and
S. N. Azam-Ali
L. P. Simmonds
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Environmental Science, University of Nottingham School of Agriculture, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leics. LE12 5RD, England
S. N. Azam-Ali
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology and Environmental Science, University of Nottingham School of Agriculture, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leics. LE12 5RD, England
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The objective of this paper is to identify the major factors responsible for the differences in transpiration rate (T) between stands of groundnut grown at three row spacings on stored water in central India. A method of analysis is developed to distinguish between the impact on transpiration of ground cover (which varied threefold between spacings) and of root:shoot ratio, which was substantially greater in the wider row spacings. When the soil was wet, both T and the canopy conductance, gc, were approximately proportional to the fraction (f) of incident radiation intercepted by foliage. But when the soil water content decreased below a threshold value, T/f and gc/f decreased because of an increase in stomatal resistance. Stomatal closure in response to soil water stress occurred sooner in the denser stands, partly because of more rapid depletion of soil water. A second contributory factor was that the sparser stands (which had a relatively large root:shoot ratio) had a greater capacity to keep stomata open as the soil water deficit increased.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , January 1989 , pp. 87 - 98
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Azam-Ali, S. N. (1984). Environmental and physiological control of transpiration by groundnut crops. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 33:129–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azam-Ali, S. N., Simmonds, L. P., Rao, R. C. N. & Williams, J. H. (1989). Population, growth and water use of groundnut maintained on stored water. III. Dry matter, water use and light interception. Experimental Agriculture 25:77–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denmead, O. T. & Shaw, R. H. (1962). Availability of soil water to plants as affected by soil moisture content and meteorological conditions. Agronomy Journal 54:385–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanks, R. J., Allen, L. H. & Gardner, H. R. (1971). Advection and evapotranspiration of wide-row sorghum in the central great plains. Agronomy Journal 63:520–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kanemasu, E. T. & Arkin, G. F. (1974). Radiant energy and light environment of crops. Agricultural Meteorology 14:211–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monteith, J. L. (1986). How do crops manipulate water supply and demand? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A 316:245–259.Google Scholar
Penman, H. L. (1971). Irrigation at Woburn. Rothamsted Experimental Station Report 1970, part 2, 147–170.Google Scholar
Rao, R. C. N., Simmonds, L. P., Azam-Ali, S. N. & Williams, J. H. (1989). Population, growth and water use of groundnut maintained on stored water. I. Root and shoot growth. Experimental Agriculture 25:51–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, J. T. (1983). Efficient water use in crop production: discussion on the generality of relations between biomass production and evapotranspiration. In Limitations to Efficient Water Use in Crop Production, 29–44 (Eds Taylor, H. M., Jordan, W. R. and Sinclair, T. R.). American Society of Agronomy, Wisconsin.Google Scholar
Simmonds, L. P. & Williams, J. H. (1989). Population, growth and water use of groundnut maintained on stored water. II. Transpiration and evaporation from soil. Experimental Agriculture 25:63–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar