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HEAD RICE YIELD OF CROPS HARVESTED BY COMBINE AND HAND AT DIFFERENT RIPENING TIMES IN CAMBODIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2018

SOM BUNNA ,
HOURN SEREYVUTH ,
YIM SOMALY ,
NGON NGOY ,
LOAN MENGSRY ,
SARETH CHEA ,
MAKARA OUK ,
JAQUIE MITCHELL  and
SHU FUKAI
SOM BUNNA
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
HOURN SEREYVUTH
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
YIM SOMALY
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
NGON NGOY
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
LOAN MENGSRY
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
SARETH CHEA
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
MAKARA OUK
Affiliation:
Cambodia Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Phnom Penh, 12401, Cambodia
JAQUIE MITCHELL*
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
SHU FUKAI
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
*
§Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Summary

Experiments were conducted across 2 years to determine the effect of harvesting methods – combine harvester and hand harvesting – and harvest time during ripening on milling quality of long grain rice grown in the rainfed lowland ecosystem in Cambodia. Head rice yield (HRY) was highest when rice was harvested 25 days after flowering and decreased with delay in harvesting at 35 and 45 days after flowering. This was accompanied by a general decline in grain moisture content at harvest, although it was still high at 24–25% at 35 days after flowering. The decline in HRY was associated with increases in fissured grain percentage observed immediately after harvest. Hand harvesting produced 2–6% higher HRY than combine harvesting. Fissured grain in hand harvested crops was lower in year 1, but was similar to combine harvested crops in year 2. Both hand and combine harvested crops were sun-dried but rough rice harvested by combine was dried on plastic sheet and this may have contributed to reduction in HRY. Maximum HRY percentage was only about 44% and the factors contributing to this low HRY were discussed. Harvesting time and methods had no significant effect on grain yield, but the field grain loss during the harvesting operation was 2–5% higher in combine than hand harvesting.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 55 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 132 - 142
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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